Multiple Research Results from Innovent's General Biomedicine Pipeline to be Showcased at the ADA 85th Scientific Sessions
SAN FRANCISCO and SUZHOU, China, June 21, 2025 /PRNewswire/ -- Innovent Biologics, Inc. ("Innovent") (HKEX: 01801), a world-class biopharmaceutical company that develops, manufactures, and commercializes high-quality medicines for the treatment of oncology, autoimmune, cardiovascular and metabolic, ophthalmology and other major disease areas, announced that multiple exploratory mechanism-of-action (MoA) analyses of mazdutide (investigator-initiated trials) as well as a preclinical study of IBI3030 (PCSK9-GGG antibody-peptide-conjugate) will be showcased at the American Diabetes Association's (ADA) 85th Scientific Sessions. Details are listed below：
Title: A novel antibody-peptide conjugate targeting PCSK9, GLP-1R, GCGR, GIPR improves cardiovascular risk markers in preclinical studyAbstract Number：1886-LBPresentation Form: PosterPresentation Time: Sunday, June 22, 2025. 12:30 P.M. - 1:30 P.M. CDTLocation: Poster Hall (Hall F1)Author: Dr. Decheng Ren, Innovent Biologics
IBI3030 is a novel anti-PCSK9 antibody conjugated with peptides targeting GLP-1R, GCGR, and GIPR. Through multi-target synergistic effects, it significantly improves cardiovascular metabolic risk indicators. Mechanistically, the anti-PCSK9 antibody component inhibits LDL receptor degradation, thereby lowering reduce plasma LDL-c levels. Simultaneously, the triple-target agonist peptide activates GLP-1R/GCGR/GIPR receptors, enhancing hepatic fatty acid oxidation capacity, with demonstrates superior efficacy compared to the control. Preclinical studies demonstrate that in multiple models (mice, rats, and non-human primates), IBI3030 significantly reduces LDL-c (p<0.01 vs. baseline) and Lp(a), improves oral glucose tolerance (OGTT) (effective even in GLP-1R knockout mice), reduces body weight, and preserves insulin sensitivity. Additionally, it exhibits excellent safety in non-human primates, with a maximum tolerated dose reaching 50 mg/kg.
Furthermore, mazdutide, the fastest-developing dual glucagon (GCG)/glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonist globally, has ignited significant research interest in the scientific community due to its comprehensive metabolic benefits. This year's ADA Annual Meeting featured multiple MoA studies on mazdutide's effects in reducing liver fat, improving fibrosis, and lowering serum uric acid. The following are investigator-initiated studies:
Topic: The Dual Glucagon and Glucagon-Like Peptide 1 Receptor Agonist Mazdutide Outbalanced Glucagon-Like Peptide 1 Receptor Agonist Semaglutide Monotherapy in Improving Mice Liver Fat AccumulationAbstract Number: 777-PPresentation Form: PosterPresentation Time: Sunday, June 22, 2025. 12:30 P.M. - 1:30 P.M. CDTLocation: Poster Hall (Hall F1)Author: Tianpei Hong, Peking University Third Hospital
Liver RNA-sequencing and KEGG enrichment analysis showed that compared with Semaglutide treatment, Mazdutide treatment predominantly activated oxidative phosphorylation and fatty acid degradation pathways. Meanwhile, lipid metabolism-related genes were upregulated in Mazdutide group compared to Semaglutide group. We further screened differentially expressed transcription factors (TF) through the TRRUST database and found that activating transcription factor 3 (Atf3) upregulated in the Mazdutide treatment group might be the functional TF regulating lipid degradation in the liver. The dual GCGR/GLP-1R agonist mazdutide exhibited a better efficacy in weight loss and liver fat accumulation alleviation compared with the GLP-1R agonist semaglutide monotherapy potentially due to its promotion of fatty acid oxidation via transcription factor ATF3.
Topic: Mazdutide，a GCG/GLP-1R dual-agonist, alleviates MASH and hepatic fibrosisAbstract Number: 1616-PPresentation Form：PosterPresentation Time: Sunday, June 22, 2025. 12:30 P.M. - 1:30 P.M. CDTLocation: Poster Hall (Hall F1)Author: Ling Li, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University,
With the mice presented NASH and fibrosis phenotypes, Mazdutide decreased body weight, liver weight and hepatic triglyceride levels. Notably, Mazdutide also mitigated hepatic fat accumulation, inflammation, and hepatic fibrosis, compared with a single GLP1R or GCGR agonist. Therefore, Mazdutide alleviates hepatic fibrosis in MASH mice and regulates lipid metabolism as well as the gut microbiota, which may contribute to providing a novel therapeutic method and therapeutic target for MASH
Topic: Mazdutide, a Dual GLP-1R/GCGR Agonist, Alleviates Hyperuricemia by Modulating Hepatic Energy and Lipid Metabolism and Inhibiting Purine PathwaysAbstract Number: 775-PPresentation Form: PosterPresentation Time: Sunday, June 22, 2025. 12:30 P.M.- 1:30 P.M. CDTLocation: Poster Hall (Hall F1)Author: Hongwei Jiang, The First Affiliated Hospital, and College of Clinical Medicine of Henan University of Science and Technology
Mazdutide significantly lowers serum uric acid levels in hyperuricemic rats, primarily by enhancing fatty acid oxidation and regulating cellular energy metabolism within hepatocytes. This process suppresses the expression of genes associated with glucose and purine metabolism in the liver, leading to a reduction in the generation and utilization of purine precursors. SnRNA-Seq analysis indicates that mazdutide increases the expression of GCGR in hepatocytes, whereas semaglutide slightly inhibits it. In hyperuricemic rats, the expression of key genes involved in fatty acid oxidation, such as Cpt1a, Fabp1, Apoa1, Acox1, and Acaa1a is significantly reduced. However following Mazdutide treatment, the expression of these genes markedly increases, promoting fatty acid oxidation and improving overall energy metabolism. In contrast, genes associated with fatty acid synthesis, such as Acaca and Fasn, show a significant reduction in expression. Furthermore, after Mazdutide intervention, the expression of genes related to glucose metabolism and purine metabolism, including Pklr, G6pc1, Glul, Gckr, Gk, Nt5e, and Ppat, also experience significant decreases. This shift may reflect a change in cellular metabolism towards more efficient fatty acid oxidation, resulting in reduced the generation and utilization of purine precursors. Compared to Semaglutide, Mazdutide offers more substantial benefits in lowering uric acid levels.
Dr. Lei Qian from Innovent Biologics, stated, "We are delighted to see mazdutide's mechanism exploration studies featured extensively at the ADA conference. The growing body of scientific evidence will further validate mazdutide's differentiated profile as a next-generation GCG/GLP-1 dual receptor agonist, particularly in liver fat and serum urine reduction. Moreover, in the field of cardiovascular and metabolic diseases, Innovent is dedicated to developing next-generation innovative therapies. This includes IBI3030 (PCSK9-GGG), a novel modality with a unique MoA that embodies an innovative 'one-drug, multiple-effects' therapeutic strategy. IBI3030 has the potential to deliver comprehensive therapeutic benefits and meaningfully improve outcomes for more patients worldwide."
*Poster 2-4 are results from investigator-initiated trials (IITs)
About Mazdutide (IBI362)
Innovent entered into an exclusive license agreement with Eli Lilly and Company (Lilly) for the development and potential commercialization of mazdutide, a GLP-1R and GCGR dual agonist, in China. As a mammalian oxyntomodulin (OXM) analogue, mazdutide may offer additional benefits beyond those of GLP-1 receptor agonists—such as promoting insulin secretion, lowering blood glucose and reducing body weight—by also activating the glucagon receptor to increase energy expenditure and improve hepatic fat metabolism. Mazdutide has demonstrated excellent weight loss and glucose-lowering effects in clinical studies. It has also shown benefits in reducing waist circumference, blood lipids, blood pressure, blood uric acid, liver enzymes, and liver fat content, as well as improving insulin sensitivity.
Currently, Mazdutide has two NDAs accepted for review by NMPA, including for:
Long-term weight management in adults with obesity or overweight.
Glycemic control in adults with type 2 diabetes (T2D).
Mazdutide is currently being evaluated in seven Phase 3 clinical studies, including:
GLORY-1: A Phase 3 trial in Chinese participants with overweight or obesity.
GLORY-2: A Phase 3 trial in Chinese participants with moderate-to-severe obesity.
GLORY-3: A Phase 3 trial comparing mazdutide and semaglutide in Chinese participants with overweight/obesity and metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD).
GLORY-OSA: A Phase 3 trial in Chinese participants with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and obesity.
DREAMS-1: A Phase 3 trial in treatment-naïve Chinese participants with T2D.
DREAMS-2: A Phase 3 trial comparing mazdutide and dulaglutide in Chinese T2D participants with inadequate glycemic control on oral antidiabetic drugs.
DREAMS-3: A Phase 3 trial comparing mazdutide and semaglutide in Chinese participants with T2D and obesity.
Among these, GLORY-1, DREAMS-1, and DREAMS-2 have already met their primary endpoints and the other four studies are currently ongoing.
In addition, several new clinical studies of mazdutide are initiated or planned, including:
A Phase 3 trial in adolescents with obesity.
New studies in metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH) and heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF).
About Innovent
Innovent is a leading biopharmaceutical company founded in 2011 with the mission to empower patients worldwide with affordable, high-quality biopharmaceuticals. The company discovers, develops, manufactures and commercializes innovative medicines that target some of the most intractable diseases. Its pioneering therapies treat cancer, cardiovascular and metabolic, autoimmune and eye diseases. Innovent has launched [15/16] products in the market. It has [3/2] new drug applications under regulatory review, 4 assets in Phase 3 or pivotal clinical trials and 15 more molecules in early clinical stage. Innovent partners with over 30 global healthcare companies, including Eli Lilly, Sanofi, Incyte, LG Chem and MD Anderson Cancer Center.
Guided by the motto, "Start with Integrity, Succeed through Action," Innovent maintains the highest standard of industry practices and works collaboratively to advance the biopharmaceutical industry so that first-rate pharmaceutical drugs can become widely accessible. For more information, visit www.innoventbio.com, or follow Innovent on Facebook and LinkedIn.
Statement: Innovent does not recommend the use of any unapproved drug (s)/indication (s).
Forward-looking statement
This news release may contain certain forward-looking statements that are, by their nature, subject to significant risks and uncertainties. The words "anticipate", "believe", "estimate", "expect", "intend" and similar expressions, as they relate to Innovent Biologics ("Innovent"), are intended to identify certain of such forward-looking statements. The Company does not intend to update these forward-looking statements regularly.
These forward-looking statements are based on the existing beliefs, assumptions, expectations, estimates, projections and understandings of the management of the Company with respect to future events at the time these statements are made. These statements are not a guarantee of future developments and are subject to risks, uncertainties and other factors, some of which are beyond the Company's control and are difficult to predict. Consequently, actual results may differ materially from information contained in the forward-looking statements as a result of future changes or developments in our business, the Company's competitive environment and political, economic, legal and social conditions.
The Company, the Directors and the employees of the Company assume (a) no obligation to correct or update the forward-looking statements contained in this site; and (b) no liability in the event that any of the forward-looking statements does not materialise or turn out to be incorrect.
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In late May, several scientific organizations, including the International Society for Cell and Gene Therapy (ISCT), banded together to call for a 10-year moratorium on using CRISPR and related technologies to pursue human heritable germline editing. The declaration also outlined practical steps that countries and research institutions could take to discourage this sort of experimentation, such as strengthening regulations tied to gene editing. 'Germline editing has very serious safety concerns that could have irreversible consequences,' said Bruce Levine, a cancer gene therapy researcher at the University of Pennsylvania and former president of the ISCT, in a statement. 'We simply lack the tools to make it safe now and for at least the next 10 years.' Newer technologies such as CRISPR have made gene editing easier, cheaper, and more practical to carry out in a variety of species, humans included. 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Upon release, He went back to working in the gene-editing field, though he promised to abide by domestic and international rules. The episode showed that human heritable germline editing is already clearly possible today, but not necessarily ethical to carry out. Indeed, many scientists and bioethicists believe we're not ready to go down that path just yet. For this Giz Asks, we reached out to several bioethicists to get their take on the moratorium, and more broadly, on the question of when we should be able to genetically modify children, if ever. Founding head of the Division of Medical Ethics at New York University's Grossman School of Medicine's Department of Population Health. I've been thinking about that question for well over 40 years. We didn't always have the technology to go in and modify genes in an egg, sperm, embryo, or fetus for that matter. But it's certainly the case that people have been thinking hard about trying to genetically alter and improve children, probably back to the Greeks. We know that in modern times, Nazi Germany was home to race hygiene theory and a form of eugenics; they would have been very interested in creating better babies. They did have the Lebensborn Program where they tried to force women and men that they deemed especially genetically fit to breed and have kids. It's not really clear whatever happened to those kids. But it's a form, if you will, of trying to get the right genes into your offspring and get them passed along into the future. They practiced that. And we had versions of that in the U.S., believe it or not. We actually had awards given at state fairs to families that were seen as eugenically the best and trying to encourage those families to have bigger families. That's an idea that's still rattling around today, by the way, in the mouths of Donald Trump, Elon Musk, Stephen Miller, etc. Many in the current Trump administration are very concerned about minorities becoming the majority in the U.S. In any event, these are old fashioned ideas, often fueled by dreams of eugenics, shifting the population in the future toward healthier, more competent, more physically able people, trying to get people of the right race or ethnicity so that the society's makeup is proper. They don't rely on engineering a gene. There's no CRISPR. There's nobody going in there and trying to penetrate the cell wall to insert genetic information. But those are just new ways to think about ideas that have been around for a long time. So if you ask me, will we see genetic engineering of children aimed at their improvement? I say yes, undoubtedly. Now when? I'm not sure what the answer to that is. Right now, we have some crude tools. We are seeing some efforts to use gene therapy in kids to repair diseases of their bodies, not things that would be inherited. They work a bit, but I wouldn't say we're really at the sort of utopia of being able to reliably get rid of in a person or a child, sickle cell or other major diseases. The tools, despite a lot of hype and a lot of maybe press release journalism, are not quite there yet to really say we can even do a good job repairing disease in an existing kid. So when it comes to trying to use tools to modify an embryo, I'm going to say flat out we're at least 10 years away from that in any serious way that could be considered safe, targeted, and likely to produce the outcome you want. So the big restriction now is safety. I think we'll get past safety, but it is a reason right now not to do anything. Now, what else might become an objection if we did have accurate, sophisticated tools? I think the first is access. If you make better kids, but only some people can afford it, that wouldn't be fair. And that in itself would be unjust. And you might wind up creating two classes or more of humans on Earth, the genetically engineered superior people and others. And this obviously is a theme all over science fiction. Old-timers will remember the Wrath of Khan from Star Trek for their take on what happens when you get a super genetically engineered race. There's Gattaca, another movie that explored this. But I'm going to say this somewhat controversially. Fairness in access never stopped a technology from going forward. When the rich and the middle class want it, they're not stopped by the fact that the poor can't get it. I would like to see provisions made to say we shouldn't move forward unless those technologies are available to those who want them regardless of cost. But I don't think that's going to happen. It's just never happened. So access is an issue, but I don't think it's a game-breaker for improving your kids. People also say, well, how will we improve? I mean, what's the best state? We can't agree on that. So will we really improve kids? There may be things we disagree about as to whether they're really improvements. Would it be an improvement to diminish pigment in black people? Try and make them less dark. We can certainly see that argued. There are plenty in the deaf community who say, well, deafness is not really something you have to get rid of or try to improve by genetically engineering hearing to make it better. They can get around the world deaf using a different language and different institutions. But there are clearly things that it would be nice to genetically improve in kids. Immunity would be great. We do it now with vaccines. It would be great to find the right genes, tweak them, and build stronger immune systems. It would be great to make sure that we try our best to diminish the extreme pain, that some of us suffer not just as disease, but with respect to certain stimuli. I'm not saying we should genetically eliminate all pain. That would probably put us in danger, but we don't quite have to suffer the way we do. My point being, the fact that we don't agree on everything as to what would be an improvement doesn't mean that we can't agree on anything. The last thing I'll say is this. When you try to make better kids, I think one last concern is: Are you going to make the children have less options rather than more? So if I considered it an improvement in a child to make them a giant, or to make them a tennis player, or to try and figure out perhaps some weird appearance that would make them a celebrity, I'm condemning the child to my choice. They don't have the freedom to run their own life. They don't have the ability to choose what they want to do. I tighten down their future by narrowing the kinds of traits they have. That, I think, is a legitimate objection. We have to think hard about that. Many of the things we do environmentally, learn to read better, learn to do exercise, learn to play games, these are skills that expand capacities in our children, and may in fact be values that are then passed on to future generations. But they don't wind up creating kids who are less capable because of those interventions. That's where genetic change has to be watched very closely. So the bottom line of this gigantic speech is yes, we will see genetic modification of our children. It will come. There are traits that people will eagerly try to put into their kids in the future. They will try to design out genetic diseases, get rid of them. They will try to build in capacities and abilities that they agree are really wonderful. Will we hang up these interventions on ethical grounds? For the most part, no, would be my prediction, But not within the next 10 years. The tools are still too crude. Associate professor of bioethics at Case Western Reserve University's School of Medicine There are children with genetic modifications walking around today, children like KJ, who was treated with personalized CRISPR gene editing at just six months old. There are now kids who are free of sickle cell disease symptoms through CRISPR therapy, the first one ever approved by the FDA. All of these children are 'genetically modified,' and they and their parents couldn't be happier about it. What other conditions could and should be treated through genetic modifications? That's a question that scientists are actively working on, and that social scientists like me are talking about with patients, parents, and communities—because we and they think it's really important for them to be part of those decisions. These 'somatic' gene editing treatments that are already being used aren't the kind that is passed down through our reproductive cells, the germline. Heritable gene modification would involve embryos, eggs, or sperm, or even possibly other cells that could be turned into these kinds of cells. A technology currently being researched, called in vitro gametogenesis, could use gene editing to turn skin cells into reproductive cells, allowing families with infertility to have their own genetically related children. And of course, there are scientists looking at the possibility of editing reproductive cells to allow couples who carry the genes for severe diseases to conceive children without those conditions. Many ethicists and scientists have drawn a hard line between heritable and non-heritable gene editing, but in practice it's not nearly so clear-cut. Off-target effects of gene editing are difficult to predict or control, so there is a chance that reproductive cells could be changed by treatments aimed at other organ systems. Fetal gene editing, which could help babies with some conditions be born with few or no symptoms, will also involve the pregnant bodies of their mothers; those adults could host edited cells even after the pregnancy ends, possibly affecting their future children too. Families dealing with genetic conditions that cause great suffering for their children don't necessarily see a problem with eliminating those conditions forever with heritable gene editing. On the other hand, some people living with genetic conditions, such as deafness or autism, see no reason for treating their condition with gene editing, heritable or not, because their biggest problems come not from the condition itself but from the way society treats them. So there are many questions to be asked about all forms of genetic modification, and how they will be developed and implemented. All the gene editing treatments that exist now or are being imagined over the next decade, heritable or not, involve exorbitant cost and will be inaccessible to most people worldwide. It will be crucial to balance the excitement of these novel technologies with attention to questions of justice, developing new treatments with an eye toward both accessibility and the priorities of those most affected. The only way to do this is to bring more voices into conversation with one another: people living with genetic conditions, scientists and doctors, policymakers of all kinds, and members of the public. Although gene editing is an amazing tool to add to our kit, the work of building more robust healthcare and support for families carrying or living with genetic conditions doesn't begin or end with genetic modification. Bioethicist, sociologist, and executive director of the Institute for Ethics and Emerging Technologies. Yes we should, when it's safe, effective, and voluntary. Calls to permanently ban the creation of genetically modified children often rest on fear, not facts. They mirror past moral panics over interracial marriage, in vitro fertilization, and birth control—all technologies or choices once deemed unnatural or dangerous, and now widely accepted. We should be wary of arguments dressed up as ethics but rooted in anxiety about change. That doesn't mean anything goes. Like any powerful technology, gene editing must be tightly regulated for safety and efficacy. But the agencies we already trust to regulate medicine—the FDA, NIH, and institutional review boards—are largely capable of doing that. We don't need a bioethics priesthood or a new bureaucracy to police reproductive decisions. We need science-based oversight, individual consent, and protection from coercion. One of the loudest objections to genetic editing is the specter of 'eugenics.' But if eugenics means state control over reproduction, then the lesson of the 20th century is to defend reproductive freedom, not curtail it. Governments should not tell parents what kinds of kids to have. Preventing parents from using safe, approved gene therapies to reduce suffering or enhance their children's lives is a strange way to honor that lesson. They should give parents access to all the information and technology for the choices they make. True reproductive liberty includes the right to use the best science available to ensure a child's health. Another objection is that genetic modification could harm people who would rather not participate. But this 'perfection anxiety' ignores how all medical advances shift social norms. We didn't stop improving dental care because it made bad teeth less acceptable. And a healthier society has not led to less compassion for those who remain sick or disabled—if anything, it's strengthened the case for inclusion and support. The goal should be equitable access, not frozen norms. We do need to ensure that parents can access all the gene therapies that actually provide potential benefits for children. Governments with universal healthcare will need to make tough choices about what to cover and what not to cover. For instance, the National Health Service should make gene therapy to remove lethal, painful conditions available for all Britons, but parents may need to pay for medical tourism to some offshore clinic if they want to tweak their embryo's eye color. What about risks we can't foresee? Of course there will be some. All new medical therapies come with uncertainties. That's why we have trials, regulation, and post-market surveillance. There's no reason genetic therapies should be held to an impossibly higher standard. We should start with animal models, and proceed to the most morally defensible gene tweaks, lethal and painful conditions. Over time, as the safety of the techniques are better understood, we can expand the scope of therapeutic choices. Some worry that genetically modified children could disrupt our ideas of family or humanity. But those concepts have already been revolutionized—by urbanization, feminism, economic precarity, and social movements. The family of today would be unrecognizable to most people in 1800. If genetic technologies change our values again, it won't be the first time. Liberal democracies don't freeze culture in place—they ensure people have the freedom to shape it. Ultimately, the question isn't whether we should allow genetically modified children. It's whether we trust parents to make mostly good choices under the oversight of regulators and doctors. We should, because most parents have their children's best interests in mind, as they perceive them. That's why we allow parents to raise their own children in the first place. And we should ensure those choices are equitably available to all, not outlawed out of fear. If we ever find genetic tweaks to reduce suffering, enhance capability, or prevent devastating disease—and we can do so safely and ethically—the real moral failure would be to prohibit it. A Canadian bioethicist and environmentalist currently teaching at the University of Toronto. Well, there's a big difference between genetic enhancement and treatment. And with enhancement, I think we're nowhere near a point where we should be even considering that. But with treatment, the large ethical issue right now is something like single gene mutation. So something like Huntington's disease, muscular dystrophy, or similar diseases, could it be justified to edit the gene for that? The challenge is we don't fully understand all the things. We don't know what we don't know, to put it bluntly. And with germline editing, the changes we would be making are permanent and they run through many generations ahead. So, yes, being able to prevent deadly or debilitating illnesses is absolutely something wonderful. But having said that, you obviously don't have consent of the person who will be born, but you also don't have consent of the generations that come after that. And if there is complications or unexpected problems, you can have an inheritance that just keeps running through generations. But here's the thing with this moratorium; to what end? You can call for a moratorium, but if no one's focusing on anything, if there's no research, no planning, no social discourse, there's just a lot of people with different opinions, and everything gets shelved for 10 years. I'm not sure that's going to be particularly useful. It sounds great if it's going to be 10 concentrated years on building consensus and public engagement and those types of things, but I don't think that's what would actually happen. And also, I'm sure you've noticed, the world's not in good shape, and Western culture is not of one mind these days. And with the ruptures, particularly in the United States, there's a lot of division in Western culture of how people see things. And I'm just not convinced that a moratorium, that people would make use of it in a constructive way. It really needs a coordinated plan, and I'm not sure there is one. So I do see that as quite a problem. The other thing is, we're dealing with high-income countries. So when we look at potential for CRISPR-Cas9 and gene editing, we're dealing with a very small percentage of the world's population. I'm going to guess that it's maybe 15% to 20% of the world's population, because most of the population of the world has no access to things like this and never will. Not never will, but in the foreseeable future, they won't. And I think that's something we miss a lot of the time. And the biggest ethical problem in the world today is not gene editing. It's just access to healthcare. And this doesn't do anything in those domains whatsoever. So from a justice point of view, that is a concern. And I'm going to sound cynical here. Emerging medical technologies are not motivated largely by the social sector. They're motivated by marketing and market forces. So if people can make money on this, somehow, someway, people will proceed. And if gene editing is illegal in Canada and the U.S. and Western Europe and Australia, there's a lot of countries that don't fall into that. And you can set up shop anywhere. Equatorial Guinea or other places are not going to be worried about things like this. They've got enough problems on their hands. And there's a lot of countries out there where this would not be easily called. So I support the essence of it. And I can see why people want to do it. I'm just not convinced it's all that feasible. I think what makes more sense is just not having any germline editing until we have a larger consensus about this technology.
