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Bill Gates opens up about his father's Alzheimer's battle, lauds medical advances; new study finds benefits in Rosemary herbs

Bill Gates opens up about his father's Alzheimer's battle, lauds medical advances; new study finds benefits in Rosemary herbs

Time of India5 days ago

Bill Gates, an American businessman and philanthropist, has expressed a strong enthusiasm about the recent advancements in the battle against Alzheimer's disease and related dementias, as he has a personal connection to the disease. Gates' father, William Gates, who died in 2020, lived with the disease.
Sharing an essay published on Tuesday, June 17, on his blog, Gates Notes, the Microsoft co-founder shared his optimism, noting significant moves that have been made in understanding and treating the disease.
The 69-year-old philanthropist showed his excitement had spiked after his visit to Indiana University's School of Medicine in 2024, where he got a first-hand look at the "latest breakthrough" in Alzheimer's research and development, which is the blood-based diagnostic tests.
About 1 in every 9 people has Alzheimer's disease
According to the note, over 7 million people in the United States, or about 1 in 9 people over the age of 65, have currently discovered they have Alzheimer's disease.
Tragically, on Sunday, Leonard A. Lauder, co-founder of The Estée Lauder Companies, passed away at the age of 92. More than a business icon, Lauder was widely admired for his passion for art, generous philanthropy, and dedicated support of medical research, particularly in the fields of breast cancer and Alzheimer's. The news was confirmed by the Estée Lauder Companies.
A big step forward in the fight against Alzheimer's: The FDA approved the first blood test to help diagnose the disease. Breakthroughs like this will make earlier, easier diagnosis possible—bringing us closer to better treatments and, someday, a cure. https://t.co/Mf5T0EDHf0
Alzheimer's disease is a form of dementia that involves the accumulation of abnormal protein clumps called plaques and tangles in the brain. These deposits damage and eventually kill the nerve cells, interfering with how they communicate with each other.
The condition is progressive and currently irreversible, with symptoms worsening over time. However, recent research may have a solution to manage the condition better.
New research shows the rosemary herb can help treat Alzheimer's
Adding to the growing sense of momentum, new research has also turned attention to natural compounds with potential cognitive benefits. According to a recent report by The Independent, scientists are now studying rosemary, the aromatic Mediterranean herb, for its role in supporting brain health.
The research suggests that rosemary, the aromatic herb native to the Mediterranean that has long been used in kitchens across the globe, can help manage brain health, reduce inflammation, and improve immune function. The research further indicates that rosemary could potentially play a role in combating Alzheimer's disease, the most common form of dementia globally.
But how does rosemary help treat Alzheimer's?
The report suggests that rosemary boosts the blood flow, including to the brain, which can boost the delivery of oxygen and essential nutrients, potentially supporting sharper mental function. Along with this, it also has a soothing effect on the brain.
Research shows that its aroma may help reduce anxiety and promote better sleep. Since lower stress levels are linked to improved concentration and memory, rosemary's calming influence could contribute to better cognitive performance.

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2 drinks a day never hurt? Review of over 100 research papers challenges myth of moderate drinking
2 drinks a day never hurt? Review of over 100 research papers challenges myth of moderate drinking

The Print

time2 hours ago

  • The Print

2 drinks a day never hurt? Review of over 100 research papers challenges myth of moderate drinking

The evidence, according to the review paper published on 9 June, remains unclear and inconsistent, especially when it comes to conditions like atrial fibrillation—a type of irregular and often rapid heartbeat that can increase the risk of stroke, heart failure and other heart-related complications. 'Uncertainty remains about the true cardiovascular risk of drinking lightly such as one to two drinks per day,' said the review paper. While past studies have suggested that low to moderate alcohol intake—no more than one or two drinks a day—could protect against certain heart conditions like coronary artery disease or stroke, newer research using advanced methods is calling that idea into question. New Delhi: Two glasses of alcohol a day might not hurt your heart—but they don't help either, with new research suggesting that the 'benefits' of moderate drinking may have been overstated for years. A sweeping scientific review by the American Heart Association, a voluntary organisation dedicated to fighting heart disease and stroke, drawing on more than 100 research papers from across the world, has found that the relationship between alcohol and cardiac health is far more complex than popular wisdom would have you believe. What's more certain is that heavy drinking, including binge drinking or consuming three or more drinks a day, is harmful to cardiovascular health. With limited high-quality data and growing doubts about alcohol's benefits, researchers urge doctors to focus instead on well-established ways to protect the heart: regular exercise, not smoking, and maintaining a healthy weight. 'Considering the level of evidence, it remains unknown whether drinking is part of a healthy lifestyle and therefore clinicians should reinforce healthy lifestyle behaviours,' said the review paper. It looked at liquor consumption in the US, where almost 85 percent of adults have had alcohol at some point in their lives. On average, each American consumes around 2.5 gallons (9.4 litres) of pure alcohol each year. The Dietary Guidelines for Americans 2020-2025 (jointly issued by the US Departments of Agriculture and Health and Human Services) highlight the need to avoid making definitive health claims about low-level alcohol use amid the continuing uncertainty in evidence. The World Health Organization (WHO) too states in The Lancet Public Health that there is no amount of alcohol consumption that is completely safe for health. Further, guidelines on alcohol and health in Canada state that 'less is better' while outlining the health risks linked to varying levels of weekly alcohol consumption. Also Read: Smoking, alcohol & high BMI among biggest risk factors linked to cancer death, says Lancet study Alcohol and stroke risk The review paper pointed to growing evidence that heavy drinking clearly raises the risk for all types of stroke. This includes ischemic stroke (caused by blocked blood flow), intracerebral haemorrhage (bleeding inside the brain), and subarachnoid haemorrhage (bleeding around the brain). Some earlier studies suggested that light to moderate drinking (up to two drinks a day) might slightly reduce the risk of ischemic stroke. But more recent and robust research, including large-scale studies and mendelian randomisation (MR) analyses, challenges that idea, the review paper underlined. One combined study involving around 6,00,000 consumers of alcohol found that even increasing intake by just one drink a day raised the risk of ischemic stroke by 13 percent, with similar increases seen for other types of strokes. As the authors noted in the review: 'Evidence is currently insufficient to draw definitive conclusions about the relationship between moderate alcohol consumption and ischemic stroke.' But what's clear is that heavy drinking raises stroke risk across the board, regardless of gender or stroke type. New tools, same challenges The review paper highlighted that most studies on alcohol and heart disease rely on people self-reporting how much they drink—which is often unreliable, especially among heavy drinkers. Measuring alcohol use is tricky, the authors stated, because it varies based on what people drink, how often, how much, whether they have eaten, and personal factors like metabolism. This makes it difficult to draw clear lines between safe and harmful levels of drinking. To improve accuracy, newer studies are using tools like wearable alcohol sensors, urine kits, biomarkers (such as phosphatidylethanol), and smartphone tracking. These methods aim to provide more objective, real-time data on alcohol use. The paper also pointed out that differences in study design—such as how drinking is defined and who is included as a 'non-drinker'—can affect results. For instance, using former drinkers or occasional drinkers as the reference group instead of lifelong abstainers can distort findings. Speaking to ThePrint, Dr Varun Bansal, consultant, cardiothoracic and vascular surgery at Indraprastha Apollo Hospitals, agreed that designing a robust study is far from simple. He explained that it would mean giving alcohol to participants who might not even want to drink, while those who do agree may not stick to the same amount consistently. 'So, while research has its role,' he said, 'how to conduct it remains a big challenge. Ideally, it should be a double-blind study comparing people who are more susceptible to alcohol-related heart risks with those who aren't—but that's much easier said than done.' He also said that any reliable study must be multifactorial and based on large data to reduce bias. Besides alcohol and diet, factors like exercise and genetic makeup need to be considered. He pointed out that how active someone is matters too. 'It makes a difference whether a person spends the evening sitting and drinking or staying active. To avoid misleading results, the dataset must be big enough to account for these confounding factors.' (Edited by Nida Fatima Siddiqui) Also Read: Cancer warning on liquor bottles 'long overdue'. Even 'light', 'moderate' drinking poses threat

Salman Khan reveals brain aneurysm, AVM and the 'suicide disease'
Salman Khan reveals brain aneurysm, AVM and the 'suicide disease'

Business Standard

time2 hours ago

  • Business Standard

Salman Khan reveals brain aneurysm, AVM and the 'suicide disease'

Bollywood actor Salman Khan recently disclosed that he is living with multiple serious neurological conditions, including a brain aneurysm, arteriovenous malformation (AVM), and trigeminal neuralgia, commonly referred to as the 'suicide disease' due to its excruciating pain. The actor revealed these health challenges during his appearance on The Great Indian Kapil Show, aired June 21, where he briefly spoke about working through these conditions despite their severity. These diseases, though rare, are potentially life-threatening if not managed carefully and can significantly impact quality of life. Khan made a candid revelation during conversation with Kapil Sharma, ' Hum ye jo daily ki haddiyan tudwa rahe hain, pasliyan toot gai, trigeminal neuralgia ke sath kaam kar rahe hain, aneurysm hai brain mein uske bawajood kaam kar rahe hain. AV malformation hai, uske bawajood chal rahe hain.' ('I'm out here breaking my bones every day, ribs are fractured, I'm working despite having trigeminal neuralgia, there's an aneurysm in the brain, yet I'm still working. There's also an AV malformation, and still, I'm carrying on.') What is Trigeminal Neuralgia, and why is it called the 'suicide disease'? According to the Cleveland Clinic, an American nonprofit academic medical centre based in Cleveland, Ohio, Trigeminal neuralgia is a chronic pain disorder that causes intense pain attacks in your face. It happens when your trigeminal nerve, responsible for sensation in the face and chewing, is damaged or irritated. According to media reports, Khan was first diagnosed with Trigeminal Neuralgia around 2007 during the filming of Partner. He underwent nerve surgery in the US in 2011. It is characterised by sudden, stabbing facial pain triggered by mild activities such as chewing, brushing, or speaking. It is called 'suicide disease' due to the debilitating nature of the pain, which can severely impact the patient's quality of life. It is a rare disease with an estimated global incidence of about 4 to 13 cases per 100,000 people annually, according to a 2022 study. Women are more likely to develop it than men and most cases develop after age 50. What is a brain aneurysm? According to Dr Praveen Gupta, chairman, Marengo Asia International Institute of Neuro & Spine (MAIINS), Marengo Asia Hospitals, Gurugram, 'An aneurysm is a weakness in the wall of the artery that causes it to bulge out, forming a balloon-like structure. This site is prone to rupture, leading to brain hemorrhage.' Early warning signs of aneurysm highlighted by Gupta: Sudden, severe headache (commonly described as the worst headache of life) Neck stiffness Tingling or numbness Transient vision problems or double vision Mild speech slurring Imbalance while walking Facial drooping Sudden memory issues or difficulty using appropriate words Dr Gupta explained that the treatment of this rare disease involves minimally invasive procedures to seal the aneurysm, such as endovascular coiling or flow diverter stents. In some cases, open surgery is required to place clips that prevent rupture, he said. While talking about the preventive measures, Dr Gupta said lifestyle changes to control blood pressure and avoid rupture are crucial. He said, 'Monitoring small, unruptured aneurysms with regular imaging is important, along with lifestyle changes.' In order to prevent aneurysm, he urged people to: Adopt a healthy lifestyle Strictly control blood pressure Avoid smoking Get regular screenings done, if there is a family history of aneurysms What is arteriovenous malformation (AVM)? According to Johns Hopkins Medicine, AVM is a rare vascular condition in which arteries and veins are abnormally connected, bypassing the normal capillary system. This can reduce oxygen delivery to brain tissues and may rupture. It is estimated to occur in less than 1 in 10,000 people. Some of the symptoms of AVM include headaches, seizures, or neurological deficits. According to global health agencies, many cases remain undiagnosed until a rupture occurs. Gupta explained that the presence of both an aneurysm and AVM significantly increases the patient's risk for brain haemorrhage. Despite these serious diagnoses, the Bajrangi Bhaijaan actor continues to lead a highly active professional life. Why are these conditions dangerous? Dr Gupta emphasised that these disorders, though individually rare, can lead to life-threatening outcomes if not diagnosed or treated promptly. He said, 'Early warning signs of stroke and aneurysm are often subtle and should not be ignored. Timely intervention can be life-saving.' He further recommended: Early neurological consultations for recurring headaches or facial pain Regular monitoring for individuals with familial risk Lifestyle changes to reduce modifiable risk factors such as high blood pressure and smoking Salman Khan's disclosure has shed light on lesser-known but critical neurological diseases. Despite this complex mix of neurological issues alongside physical strain and chronic sleep disruption, he continues to work actively, relying on a strong support system and fall-back health routines. For more health updates, follow #HealthWithBS

Study finds out link between nighttime heart rhythm, stroke
Study finds out link between nighttime heart rhythm, stroke

Time of India

time3 hours ago

  • Time of India

Study finds out link between nighttime heart rhythm, stroke

Bern [Switzerland]: New research has uncovered a powerful link between nighttime heart rhythm and future health conditions, even in people with no obvious sleep problems. The study, conducted at the Department of Neurology, Inselspital, the University Hospital of Bern, examined 4,170 people over a 13-year period and discovered that heart rate variability (HRV) during sleep can be a powerful early warning sign of future health conditions such as stroke , depression , and cognitive dysfunction . HRV reflects the fluctuation of time intervals between heartbeats.2 HRV adjusts constantly in response to the physical and emotional demands of the body. During the day, HRV is physiologically high, corresponding to high levels of activity. At night, and especially during deep sleep, HRV typically reduces, reflecting a shift into a rest and repair mode, where the body focuses on recovery and recharging for the next day. The research found that certain HRV patterns were linked to future health conditions. Participants who later developed stroke often showed unusually high and erratic HRV. In contrast, low HRV was common in those who further developed depression. High HRV with altered frequency patterns were also observed in individuals who later developed metabolic diseases. Similarly, cardiovascular and endocrine diseases were also associated with high HRV. "HRV matters for brain and overall health because it reflects how well the body regulates itself - primarily through the activity of the autonomic nervous system", explained the lead author of the study, Irina Filchenko, MD, PhD. "This system controls vital unconscious processes such as breathing, digestion and muscle tone, helping the body maintain balance and adapt to internal and external demands." "While many people are familiar with tracking sleep stages or total sleep time, nocturnal HRV provides a unique window into how the body functions during sleep. This is especially important because sleep is a critical time for many physiological processes underlying long-term health, such as cellular repair, memory consolidation, and the clearance of metabolic waste from the brain." Importantly, researchers believe that HRV could act as an early physiological marker, demonstrating subtle changes in body functioning before traditional symptoms or diagnoses appear. This could open the door to prevention and early intervention for diseases like Alzheimer's or stroke, where timely action can improve patient outcomes. Dr Filchenko noted, "Some participants had 'normal' sleep according to traditional criteria, with little sleep fragmentation and the expected balance of sleep stages. However, HRV told a different story, picking up risks that the common sleep metrics missed. This suggests we need to rethink how we define and measure optimal sleep." The findings of the study also raise the possibility of using wearable technology to monitor HRV patterns over time. While current consumer devices vary in accuracy and interpretability, experts believe future improvements could allow people to track changes in HRV as part of regular health monitoring. The research adds to growing evidence that sleep is a critical pillar of long-term health, and that subtle patterns could offer a window of opportunity to prevent serious disease. "The broader message is that sleep is not just a passive state of rest -- it is an active, dynamic process that plays a vital role in maintaining long-term health, especially brain health. Our findings reinforce the idea that primary prevention matters, and that health problems start long before the clinical symptoms appear", concluded Dr Filchenko.

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