
Say goodbye to frizzy hair this monsoon: 10 easy ways to keep them smooth and healthy
News
lifestyle
beauty
Say goodbye to frizzy hair this monsoon: 10 easy ways to keep them smooth and healthy Trending Fatty Liver Ram Kapoor Baby Girl Names Vitamin D Deficiency Blood Pressure Medication High Blood Pressure Remedies Digestion Boosting Fruits Heart Attack Prevention Ikigai Lessons Snakes Fatty Liver Ram Kapoor Baby Girl Names Vitamin D Deficiency Blood Pressure Medication High Blood Pressure Remedies Digestion Boosting Fruits Heart Attack Prevention Ikigai Lessons Snakes Fatty Liver Ram Kapoor Baby Girl Names Vitamin D Deficiency Blood Pressure Medication High Blood Pressure Remedies Digestion Boosting Fruits Heart Attack Prevention Ikigai Lessons Snakes Share AA + Text Size Small
Medium
Large Monsoon humidity can wreak havoc on hair, leading to frizz, dryness, and breakage. Combat these issues with gentle cleansing, deep conditioning, and heat styling avoidance. Protective hairstyles, proper detangling, and shielding from rain are crucial. Regular trims, a healthy diet, and hydration further promote healthy, frizz-free hair during the rainy season. The monsoon season provides some relief from the summer heat, but the high humidity that comes with it can take a toll on your hair. Frizz, hair loss, dandruff, and lack of shine are the most common problems caused due to high humidity. The moisture in the air strips the natural oils from your hair, leaving it dry, unmanageable, and prone to breakage. This is why it is essential to have a good hair care routine for the rainy season. In this guide, we'll provide 10 expert-monitored routine ideas on monsoon hair care to help you keep your hair healthy, silky, and even frizz-free regardless of the weather. 1. Gentle and regular cleansing: Wash your hair 2-3 times a week with a mild, sulfate-free shampoo to eliminate excess oil, dirt, and sweat. Look for shampoos with tea tree, neem, or aloe vera for added scalp protection. Avoid overwashing, as it can strip natural oils. This prevents fungal infections and dullness caused by humidity Source: Canva 2. Deep conditioning: After shampooing, always follow with a nourishing conditioner targeting mid-lengths and ends. Use a deep conditioning mask or leave‑in serum (like argan or shea butter-infused) weekly to lock in hydration and tame frizz 3. Avoid using heat styling tools: Avoid blow-dryers, straighteners, and curlers—they strip natural moisture, increasing frizz. If heat is unavoidable, use a protectant spray and low heat settings. Source: Medical News Today 4. Use light oils and serums: Use lightweight natural oils (e.g., coconut, argan, jojoba) or anti-frizz serums on damp hair to create a moisture-repelling barrier Source: Canva 5. Utilize a Hair Mask overnight: Try applying a hydrating mask and leave it overnight so it may deliver its nourishing effects to your strands overnight! Either use a store-bought mask or purchase some yogurt, banana, or honey to make your diy treatment that will naturally restore moisture and softness to your precious mane. You can wear a shower cap or silk scarf while you sleep to avoid getting your pillows stained- it also traps warmth & moisture to allow the product to work even better. 6. Protective and Loose Hairstyles: Braids, buns, and ponytails allow the most exposure to the humid air and reduce friction. Use looser hairstyles so that you're not applying tension, as tight hairstyles can often lead to tension and breaks. Consider changing up the styles if you wear one for more than 2-3 days, as this also allows you to not put the same parts of your scalp under stress. 7. Use a wide-tooth comb and soft towel: Avoid excessively rubbing your hair with a towel, as this can roughen the cuticle and ultimately result in frizz and breakage of the hair. Instead, consider employing the same blotting method mentioned above using a microfiber towel or soft cotton T-shirt. Use a wide-tooth comb to detangle, and ensure you are combing from the ends of the strands upward to the roots (this also helps prevent the loss of more hair). Source: Canva 8. Protect from rain and pollution: Rainwater contains pollutants, especially in urban areas, and the water can irritate your scalp and continue to cause issues. Carry a scarf, hood, or umbrella to prevent your hair from getting wet at all times. If your hair does get wet, rinse it out with lukewarm water and use a light conditioner to help re-establish the moisture in your hair and scalp. Source: Canva 9. Regular trimming: It is important to cut your hair every 6-8 weeks. This will get rid of split ends and encourage healthy hair growth. Frizziness and dryness can tend to lead to quicker damage at the ends during the monsoon. Regular haircuts help maintain a shape of style and greatly decrease tangles. 10. Diet, hydration & scalp care: Healthy hair comes from a healthy body and nutrition, so include a healthy, well-balanced diet that includes plenty of protein, vitamins A, C, E, biotin, and omega-3s. Make sure to drink plenty of water to keep yourself and your hair hydrated from the inside out. Also read | Struggling with weak nails? Know how to get strong, healthy nails naturally without spending a fortune
One step to a healthier you—join Times Health+ Yoga and feel the change
TOI Lifestyle Desk
The TOI Lifestyle Desk is a dynamic team of dedicated journalists who, with unwavering passion and commitment, sift through the pulse of the nation to curate a vibrant tapestry of lifestyle news for The Times of India readers. At the TOI Lifestyle Desk, we go beyond the obvious, delving into the extraordinary. Consider us your lifestyle companion, providing a daily dose of inspiration and information. Whether you're seeking the latest fashion trends, travel escapades, culinary delights, or wellness tips, the TOI Lifestyle Desk is your one-stop destination for an enriching lifestyle experience. Read More End of Article Follow Us On Social Media Previous
International Yoga Day 2025: 10 yoga poses to increase memory power Lifestyle
7 hidden habits that ruin your focus during studying education
Nimisha Sajayan's serene and striking looks Entertainment
10 things Japanese children are taught in childhood Lifestyle
Palak Tiwari's Picture-Perfect Moments From Seoul Trip tv
In pics: Stunning looks of Nimisha Sajayan Entertainment
10 Atharvaa blockbuster films that defined his stardom Entertainment
Priya Prakash Varrier: Glam looks that prove she owns the lens! Entertainment
10 exercises that reduce the risk of heart diseases Lifestyle
Kitten mules to heeled flip-flops: Summer sandals you want to live in Lifestyle Next 1
2
3 Numerology Predictions Today, June 21, 2025: Read your personalized forecast for numbers 1 to 9 6 strange plants that eat animals-- Here's how they do it Genelia D'Souza and Riteish Deshmukh's family album: The picture perfect moments with the loved ones Genelia Deshmukh to Deepika Padukone: 5 times Bollywood actresses added grace to Chikankari sarees Walking barefoot (Earthing): 4 benefits nobody ever told you My child became soft spoken the moment I brought this small change at home 5 Bollywood actresses turning entrepreneurs and building empires beyond the silver screen Dipika Kakar's emotional post for husband Shoaib Ibrahim on his birthday as she fights liver cancer; writes 'You have not slept for nights even now when I'm back home' 6 animals that eat poop and why AIIMS trained celebrity US doctor explains 7 things that change when we consume chia seeds daily for 2 weeks 1
2
3 Tired of too many ads? go ad free now lifestyle videos Popular diabetes drug, Mounjaro, launched in India Popular diabetes drug, Mounjaro, launched in India This is the best way to oil hair if you suffer from hair fall 5 natural sources of Biotin which encourage hair growth 04:34 Control Your Senses, Gain Knowledge, Attain Peace: Bhagavad Gita, Chapter 4.39 06:37 Cultural Clashes in Love: How To Make Your Relationship Work 03:19 Prayagraj MahaKumbh 2025 Readies For Millions: Massive Preparations Underway In Uttar Pradesh 04:48 Sadhguru Reveals The Truth About Black Magic And Your Photograph 07:18 BK Shivani On Forgiveness: Why It's Essential For Inner Peace 08:08 How Bhairavi Sadhana Accelerates Your Path to Liberation: Sadhguru Speaks 06:47 Breakup Recovery: How To Not Wallow In Misery And Love Yourself 03:20 The Purifying Power of Yajna: Bhagavad Gita Chapter 4, Verse 30 11:41 How Dattatreya Accepted Parashuram as His Disciple – Sadhguru Reveals 1
2
3
4 More Videos Liver damage starts here: The everyday kitchen staple no one warned you about Harvard liver specialist suggests 4 snacks to reverse fatty liver Leading biologist exposes what fuels cancer, and, no, it's not what most people think Kidney health and Restless Legs Syndrome explained: Symptoms, causes, and cure Kidney damage doesn't always hurt—These 5 silent signs might be your clue A game-changer in cancer research? South Korean scientists reprogram tumour cells without chemotherapy or radiation Morning vs evening: What's the best time to take blood pressure medicine? 5 signs of Vitamin D deficiency seen on skin and legs 4 everyday habits that help prevent heart attacks 3 simple diet rules Ram Kapoor followed to lose 55 kilos naturally Tired of too many ads? go ad free now life & style Jacqueline FernandezBaby Girl NamesAquarium FishIntelligent PeopleBreast Cancer Symptoms

Try Our AI Features
Explore what Daily8 AI can do for you:
Comments
No comments yet...
Related Articles


Time of India
5 hours ago
- Time of India
Say goodbye to frizzy hair this monsoon: 10 easy ways to keep them smooth and healthy
News lifestyle beauty Say goodbye to frizzy hair this monsoon: 10 easy ways to keep them smooth and healthy Trending Fatty Liver Ram Kapoor Baby Girl Names Vitamin D Deficiency Blood Pressure Medication High Blood Pressure Remedies Digestion Boosting Fruits Heart Attack Prevention Ikigai Lessons Snakes Fatty Liver Ram Kapoor Baby Girl Names Vitamin D Deficiency Blood Pressure Medication High Blood Pressure Remedies Digestion Boosting Fruits Heart Attack Prevention Ikigai Lessons Snakes Fatty Liver Ram Kapoor Baby Girl Names Vitamin D Deficiency Blood Pressure Medication High Blood Pressure Remedies Digestion Boosting Fruits Heart Attack Prevention Ikigai Lessons Snakes Share AA + Text Size Small Medium Large Monsoon humidity can wreak havoc on hair, leading to frizz, dryness, and breakage. Combat these issues with gentle cleansing, deep conditioning, and heat styling avoidance. Protective hairstyles, proper detangling, and shielding from rain are crucial. Regular trims, a healthy diet, and hydration further promote healthy, frizz-free hair during the rainy season. The monsoon season provides some relief from the summer heat, but the high humidity that comes with it can take a toll on your hair. Frizz, hair loss, dandruff, and lack of shine are the most common problems caused due to high humidity. The moisture in the air strips the natural oils from your hair, leaving it dry, unmanageable, and prone to breakage. This is why it is essential to have a good hair care routine for the rainy season. In this guide, we'll provide 10 expert-monitored routine ideas on monsoon hair care to help you keep your hair healthy, silky, and even frizz-free regardless of the weather. 1. Gentle and regular cleansing: Wash your hair 2-3 times a week with a mild, sulfate-free shampoo to eliminate excess oil, dirt, and sweat. Look for shampoos with tea tree, neem, or aloe vera for added scalp protection. Avoid overwashing, as it can strip natural oils. This prevents fungal infections and dullness caused by humidity Source: Canva 2. Deep conditioning: After shampooing, always follow with a nourishing conditioner targeting mid-lengths and ends. Use a deep conditioning mask or leave‑in serum (like argan or shea butter-infused) weekly to lock in hydration and tame frizz 3. Avoid using heat styling tools: Avoid blow-dryers, straighteners, and curlers—they strip natural moisture, increasing frizz. If heat is unavoidable, use a protectant spray and low heat settings. Source: Medical News Today 4. Use light oils and serums: Use lightweight natural oils (e.g., coconut, argan, jojoba) or anti-frizz serums on damp hair to create a moisture-repelling barrier Source: Canva 5. Utilize a Hair Mask overnight: Try applying a hydrating mask and leave it overnight so it may deliver its nourishing effects to your strands overnight! Either use a store-bought mask or purchase some yogurt, banana, or honey to make your diy treatment that will naturally restore moisture and softness to your precious mane. You can wear a shower cap or silk scarf while you sleep to avoid getting your pillows stained- it also traps warmth & moisture to allow the product to work even better. 6. Protective and Loose Hairstyles: Braids, buns, and ponytails allow the most exposure to the humid air and reduce friction. Use looser hairstyles so that you're not applying tension, as tight hairstyles can often lead to tension and breaks. Consider changing up the styles if you wear one for more than 2-3 days, as this also allows you to not put the same parts of your scalp under stress. 7. Use a wide-tooth comb and soft towel: Avoid excessively rubbing your hair with a towel, as this can roughen the cuticle and ultimately result in frizz and breakage of the hair. Instead, consider employing the same blotting method mentioned above using a microfiber towel or soft cotton T-shirt. Use a wide-tooth comb to detangle, and ensure you are combing from the ends of the strands upward to the roots (this also helps prevent the loss of more hair). Source: Canva 8. Protect from rain and pollution: Rainwater contains pollutants, especially in urban areas, and the water can irritate your scalp and continue to cause issues. Carry a scarf, hood, or umbrella to prevent your hair from getting wet at all times. If your hair does get wet, rinse it out with lukewarm water and use a light conditioner to help re-establish the moisture in your hair and scalp. Source: Canva 9. Regular trimming: It is important to cut your hair every 6-8 weeks. This will get rid of split ends and encourage healthy hair growth. Frizziness and dryness can tend to lead to quicker damage at the ends during the monsoon. Regular haircuts help maintain a shape of style and greatly decrease tangles. 10. Diet, hydration & scalp care: Healthy hair comes from a healthy body and nutrition, so include a healthy, well-balanced diet that includes plenty of protein, vitamins A, C, E, biotin, and omega-3s. Make sure to drink plenty of water to keep yourself and your hair hydrated from the inside out. Also read | Struggling with weak nails? Know how to get strong, healthy nails naturally without spending a fortune One step to a healthier you—join Times Health+ Yoga and feel the change TOI Lifestyle Desk The TOI Lifestyle Desk is a dynamic team of dedicated journalists who, with unwavering passion and commitment, sift through the pulse of the nation to curate a vibrant tapestry of lifestyle news for The Times of India readers. At the TOI Lifestyle Desk, we go beyond the obvious, delving into the extraordinary. Consider us your lifestyle companion, providing a daily dose of inspiration and information. Whether you're seeking the latest fashion trends, travel escapades, culinary delights, or wellness tips, the TOI Lifestyle Desk is your one-stop destination for an enriching lifestyle experience. Read More End of Article Follow Us On Social Media Previous International Yoga Day 2025: 10 yoga poses to increase memory power Lifestyle 7 hidden habits that ruin your focus during studying education Nimisha Sajayan's serene and striking looks Entertainment 10 things Japanese children are taught in childhood Lifestyle Palak Tiwari's Picture-Perfect Moments From Seoul Trip tv In pics: Stunning looks of Nimisha Sajayan Entertainment 10 Atharvaa blockbuster films that defined his stardom Entertainment Priya Prakash Varrier: Glam looks that prove she owns the lens! Entertainment 10 exercises that reduce the risk of heart diseases Lifestyle Kitten mules to heeled flip-flops: Summer sandals you want to live in Lifestyle Next 1 2 3 Numerology Predictions Today, June 21, 2025: Read your personalized forecast for numbers 1 to 9 6 strange plants that eat animals-- Here's how they do it Genelia D'Souza and Riteish Deshmukh's family album: The picture perfect moments with the loved ones Genelia Deshmukh to Deepika Padukone: 5 times Bollywood actresses added grace to Chikankari sarees Walking barefoot (Earthing): 4 benefits nobody ever told you My child became soft spoken the moment I brought this small change at home 5 Bollywood actresses turning entrepreneurs and building empires beyond the silver screen Dipika Kakar's emotional post for husband Shoaib Ibrahim on his birthday as she fights liver cancer; writes 'You have not slept for nights even now when I'm back home' 6 animals that eat poop and why AIIMS trained celebrity US doctor explains 7 things that change when we consume chia seeds daily for 2 weeks 1 2 3 Tired of too many ads? go ad free now lifestyle videos Popular diabetes drug, Mounjaro, launched in India Popular diabetes drug, Mounjaro, launched in India This is the best way to oil hair if you suffer from hair fall 5 natural sources of Biotin which encourage hair growth 04:34 Control Your Senses, Gain Knowledge, Attain Peace: Bhagavad Gita, Chapter 4.39 06:37 Cultural Clashes in Love: How To Make Your Relationship Work 03:19 Prayagraj MahaKumbh 2025 Readies For Millions: Massive Preparations Underway In Uttar Pradesh 04:48 Sadhguru Reveals The Truth About Black Magic And Your Photograph 07:18 BK Shivani On Forgiveness: Why It's Essential For Inner Peace 08:08 How Bhairavi Sadhana Accelerates Your Path to Liberation: Sadhguru Speaks 06:47 Breakup Recovery: How To Not Wallow In Misery And Love Yourself 03:20 The Purifying Power of Yajna: Bhagavad Gita Chapter 4, Verse 30 11:41 How Dattatreya Accepted Parashuram as His Disciple – Sadhguru Reveals 1 2 3 4 More Videos Liver damage starts here: The everyday kitchen staple no one warned you about Harvard liver specialist suggests 4 snacks to reverse fatty liver Leading biologist exposes what fuels cancer, and, no, it's not what most people think Kidney health and Restless Legs Syndrome explained: Symptoms, causes, and cure Kidney damage doesn't always hurt—These 5 silent signs might be your clue A game-changer in cancer research? South Korean scientists reprogram tumour cells without chemotherapy or radiation Morning vs evening: What's the best time to take blood pressure medicine? 5 signs of Vitamin D deficiency seen on skin and legs 4 everyday habits that help prevent heart attacks 3 simple diet rules Ram Kapoor followed to lose 55 kilos naturally Tired of too many ads? go ad free now life & style Jacqueline FernandezBaby Girl NamesAquarium FishIntelligent PeopleBreast Cancer Symptoms


Time of India
14 hours ago
- Time of India
Yoga and diet tips that help strengthen bones naturally
Strong bones are crucial for an active life, and diet and exercise play vital roles in maintaining bone health. Yoga, with poses like Warrior II and Tree Pose, can improve bone density and balance. A diet rich in vegetables, calcium, Vitamin D, magnesium, phosphorus, Vitamin K, and protein is essential for building and maintaining strong bones. Strong bones are essential to lead a healthy and active life. But how do you build strong bones? Well, diet plays a crucial role in maintaining healthy bones. Similarly, physical activity and strength training can help you support and maintain bone health and strength. Without strong bones, the risk of falling and suffering fractures increases significantly, and affects life quality. The risk of falling not only affects the elderly, but women, especially post-menopause, face an increased risk of osteoporosis, a condition characterized by weakened bones and increased fracture risk. Here are some yoga and diet tips that can help strengthen bones. Yoga for bone health Yoga practice has numerous health benefits, one of which is improving bone density and strengthening muscles that support the skeletal system. Weight-bearing and strength training exercises, including yoga, may help slow down bone loss associated with aging. Here are some yoga poses that can help you achieve strong and healthy bones. Virabhadrasana II (Warrior II): This is a powerful standing pose that engages the hips, thighs, and shoulders, all of which support bone health. Vrikshasana (Tree Pose): This pose improves balance and coordination, and thereby reduces the risk of falls and fractures. Setu Bandhasana (Bridge Pose): Though this pose may need some expertise, it strengthens the lower back and hips, the areas vulnerable to bone loss, especially in women. Tadasana (Mountain Pose): This basic standing pose improves posture and strengthens the legs, ankles, and spine. Downward-Facing Dog (Adho Mukha Svanasana): This pose can strengthen the arms, back, and legs, and give you good posture. Diet for bone health What you eat plays a crucial role in building and maintaining strong bones. Here are some changes you can make in your diet to protect your bones. Eat more veggies: Yes, your mum is always right. Eat your veggies. Vegetables are one of the best sources of vitamin C, which stimulates the production of bone-forming cells. by Taboola by Taboola Sponsored Links Sponsored Links Promoted Links Promoted Links You May Like Trade Bitcoin & Ethereum – No Wallet Needed! IC Markets Start Now Undo Calcium-rich foods: Incorporate dairy products like milk, yogurt, and cheese. People who are lactose intolerant or vegan can add ragi (finger millet), tofu, sesame seeds, and leafy greens like spinach to their diet. Vitamin D: Yes, vitamin D is essential for strong bones. This nutrient helps in calcium absorption. You can get the nutrients naturally by exposure to the sun, or add fortified foods. Egg yolks and fatty fish like salmon and mackerel can provide vitamin D. Magnesium and phosphorus: Eat foods rich in magnesium and phosphorus, such as nuts, seeds, legumes, and whole grains. Vitamin K: Leafy greens, cruciferous vegetables such as broccoli, and Brussels sprouts are high in vitamin K, which is good for the bones . Shreyas Iyer and Ibrahim Ali Khan's Nutritionist Nicole Kedia Breaks Down Their Diet SECRETS Protein: Incorporating adequate protein is also important for bone health. You can add lentils, eggs, and lean meats to support the bone structure. One step to a healthier you—join Times Health+ Yoga and feel the change


Economic Times
19 hours ago
- Economic Times
India's silent epidemic: 6 foods to include in your diet if you have fatty liver
India faces a growing health crisis as liver diseases, including fatty liver disease and hepatitis, surge among younger adults in their twenties and thirties. This alarming trend highlights the need for proactive health measures. Incorporating liver-friendly foods like coffee, garlic, fatty fish, grapes, nuts, and berries into daily diets can significantly aid in preserving liver function and preventing disease progression. Have fatty liver? Here are some food items that are good for your liver. Tired of too many ads? Remove Ads Understanding NAFLD: A Growing Liver Disorder Nutritional Allies in Combating Fatty Liver Tired of too many ads? Remove Ads Coffee: A Morning Shield for the Liver Garlic: The Pungent Protector Fatty Fish: Omega-3 Powerhouses Grapes: Nature's Liver Tonic Nuts: Crunchy Guards Against Inflammation Berries: Polyphenol-Rich Superfoods Conclusion: Liver Care Must Begin Early While India is rapidly advancing toward becoming the global hub for diabetes, another equally alarming health concern is emerging in its shadow. A dramatic increase in liver-related conditions such as fatty liver disease, hepatitis, and cirrhosis is now surfacing, and worryingly, the trend is no longer restricted to the elderly. According to insights shared by the Financial Express, individuals in their twenties and thirties are now frequently being diagnosed with significant liver dysfunctions, signaling a quiet but deadly shift in the nation's public health landscape. Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD) refers to a chronic condition where fat accumulates in the liver in individuals who drink little to no alcohol. It commonly affects people struggling with obesity or those who have type 2 diabetes. As explained in a report by Healthline, NAFLD is categorized into two main types:Simple Fatty Liver (NAFL): In this form, excess fat builds up in the liver without causing inflammation. However, the organ may enlarge, leading to discomfort or mild Steatohepatitis (NASH): This more severe form involves liver inflammation and damage, which, if not managed, can progress to cirrhosis or even liver coffee consumption might offer more than just a caffeine kick. A 2021 review mentioned by Healthline found that people who regularly drink coffee have a reduced risk of developing NAFLD. It also appears to minimize the progression of liver scarring in diagnosed patients and lowers abnormal liver enzyme has shown promise in improving liver health. Medical News Today cited a 2020 clinical trial which demonstrated that taking 800 mg of garlic powder over 15 weeks reduced fat accumulation in the liver and improved metabolic health in NAFLD patients. Furthermore, observational studies in China have hinted that raw garlic consumption may lower the chances of liver cancer. However, while garlic supplements may reduce AST liver enzyme levels, more evidence is needed to confirm all rich in omega-3 fatty acids—such as sardines, tuna, salmon, and trout—offer significant liver support. According to Healthline, these fats help lower liver fat content, elevate protective HDL cholesterol, and bring down triglyceride levels. This nutritional intervention is particularly useful for individuals living with especially the seeded variety, are rich in beneficial compounds located in their skin and seeds. Studies mentioned in Medical News Today suggest that these components help reduce liver swelling, inflammation, and fat storage in animal models. Adding whole grapes to the diet or taking grape seed extract may provide potent antioxidant are rich in unsaturated fats, antioxidants, and vitamin E—all essential nutrients for liver protection. Regular consumption may help decrease inflammation and oxidative stress, potentially staving off the onset of NAFLD, as per studies referenced in berries like blueberries, cranberries, and raspberries contain polyphenols that have shown liver-protective effects in research on animals. A 2023 study revealed that these compounds helped reduce liver injury in rats, while an earlier 2019 investigation found a link between blueberry intake and reduced liver liver diseases silently infiltrate younger populations in India, proactive health measures and dietary awareness are more crucial than ever. By integrating scientifically backed food choices into daily routines, people can take significant steps toward preserving liver function and preventing the progression of NAFLD and related complications.