
US Urges China to Dissuade Iran from Closing Strait of Hormuz
US Secretary of State Marco Rubio on Sunday called on China to encourage Iran to not shut down the Strait of Hormuz after Washington carried out strikes on Iranian nuclear sites.
Rubio's comments on Fox News' "Sunday Morning Futures with Maria Bartiromo" show came after Iran's Press TV reported that the Iranian parliament approved a measure to close the Strait of Hormuz, through which around 20% of global oil and gas flows.
"I encourage the Chinese government in Beijing to call them about that, because they heavily depend on the Straits of Hormuz for their oil," said Rubio, who also serves as national security adviser, Reuters reported.
"If they do that, it will be another terrible mistake. It's economic suicide for them if they do it. And we retain options to deal with that, but other countries should be looking at that as well. It would hurt other countries' economies a lot worse than ours."
Rubio said a move to close the strait would be a massive escalation that would merit a response from the US and others.
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Arab News
2 hours ago
- Arab News
What is behind the biggest surge in internal displacement ever recorded?
DUBAI: The world is witnessing a historic surge in displacement — not across borders, but within them. Ongoing conflicts in Gaza and Sudan, coupled with the escalating frequency and intensity of climate-related disasters, continue to drive millions from their homes. By the end of 2024, more than 83.4 million people in the world were internally displaced — the highest number yet recorded. According to the 2025 Global Report on Internal Displacement, that figure has nearly doubled in just six years — the equivalent of displacing the entire population of Germany. More broadly, the latest figures from UNHCR's Global Trends Report 2025 show that the total number of forcibly displaced people worldwide — including refugees, asylum seekers, and those internally displaced — had reached 122.1 million by the end of April 2025, up from 120 million the year before. 'We are living in a time of intense volatility in international relations, with modern warfare creating a fragile, harrowing landscape marked by acute human suffering,' said Filippo Grandi, the UN high commissioner for refugees, responding to the figures. 'We must redouble our efforts to search for peace and find long-lasting solutions for refugees and others forced to flee their homes.' While Grandi highlighted the urgent need for global solutions, experts tracking internal displacement say the crisis is becoming increasingly entrenched within national borders. 'Internal displacement is where conflict, poverty, and climate collide, hitting the most vulnerable the hardest,' Alexandra Bilak, director of the Internal Displacement Monitoring Center, said in a statement. The latest figures reveal internal displacement is no longer just a humanitarian issue, she said, but a complex political and development challenge that continues to be overlooked. 'The data is clear — it's now time to use it to prevent displacement, support recovery, and build resilience,' Bilak said. The global surge in internal displacement was felt across every region in 2024, according to the Global Report on Internal Displacement. An internally displaced person is someone forced to flee their home to escape conflict, persecution, or disaster. But unlike refugees, they remain within their country's borders. Sub-Saharan Africa is the epicenter of this global surge, home to 38.8 million internally displaced persons — making up almost 46 percent of the global total. All 23 countries in the region that experienced conflict-related displacement also suffered from disaster-induced movements, compounding already dire humanitarian needs. In the Middle East and North Africa, conflict-related displacement also surged — particularly in the Gaza Strip, where conflict has raged since October 2023. About 2 million Palestinians were forced from their homes, according to the Global Report on Internal Displacement. The Americas likewise showed a dramatic increase, with 14.5 million people forced to flee within their national boundaries. The US alone accounted for 11 million disaster-related movements — nearly a quarter of the global total for such events. In South Asia, disaster displacement nearly tripled, to 9.2 million, the region's second-highest figure in more than a decade. Conflict was the primary driver of internal displacement in 2024. In Sudan, the situation has deteriorated dramatically since fighting erupted there in April 2023. 'It has become the largest and most devastating displacement, humanitarian and protection crisis in the world today,' Tarik Argaz, a UNHCR representative, told Arab News. As of mid-2024, more than 12.4 million people had been displaced in Sudan — including 8.1 million internally and more than 4 million who had fled to neighboring countries. These figures are based on UNHCR's operational data collected during the continuing crisis. By April 2025, the scale of displacement had grown further. According to UNHCR's Global Trends Report, Sudan now represents the largest forced displacement crisis in the world, with a combined total of 14.3 million displaced people — including refugees and internally displaced people. 'Security remains the major challenge in many regions of Sudan,' Argaz said. 'Access to different areas continues to change due to the dynamic nature of the conflict.' Disasters also triggered a record 45.8 million new internal displacements — the highest since 2008. An overwhelming 99.5 percent of these were caused by climate-related events, particularly storms and floods. Argaz said climate change and displacement are becoming increasingly interconnected. 'Adverse effects of climate change and disasters have contributed to increased forced displacement over past decades,' he said. 'As extreme weather events and environmental conditions worsen with global heating, they are contributing to multiple and overlapping crises, increasing poverty and loss of livelihoods. 'The Internal Displacement Monitoring Centre estimates that over 25 million people are forced to move due to disaster-related causes each year. 'The majority of people forcibly displaced by persecution, conflict and violence today live in countries that are highly vulnerable and ill-prepared to adapt to climate change.' • 83.4 million By the end of 2024, more than 83.4 million people in the world were internally displaced — the highest number yet recorded. • 9.2 million In South Asia, disaster displacement nearly tripled, to 9.2 million, the region's second-highest figure in more than a decade. Despite ongoing challenges, UNHCR continues to provide lifesaving support — including shelter, healthcare, psychosocial services, and cash assistance — while also working with regional partners to coordinate a broader response to displacement. In a rare sign of progress, 9.8 million forcibly displaced people returned home in 2024, including 1.6 million refugees — the most in more than two decades — and 8.2 million internally displaced persons — the second highest yet recorded. However, many of these returns occurred under difficult political and security conditions. A large number of Afghans, for example, were forced to return to Afghanistan in 2024, often arriving in dire circumstances. In countries such as Democratic Republic of the Congo, Myanmar, and South Sudan, new displacements unfolded even as others returned. 'Even amid the devastating cuts, we have seen some rays of hope over the last six months,' said UN High Commissioner Grandi, referring to the recent reduction in aid funding by the US and other major Western donors. 'Nearly 2 million Syrians have been able to return home after over a decade uprooted. The country remains fragile and people need our help to rebuild their lives again.' Internally displaced persons should be afforded the same rights and freedoms as all other citizens and habitual residents of their country, Argaz said. 'Our advocacy efforts have been instrumental in supporting the protection of internally displaced persons on various fronts — from access to documentation, education, healthcare, and livelihoods, to promoting economic inclusion and the peaceful resolution of conflicts, which are often the root cause of displacement,' he said. Internally displaced persons often face a range of protection challenges that vary depending on the context. These typically include limited access to basic necessities such as shelter, food, water, and healthcare — particularly during emergencies and in protracted displacement situations. Many are also vulnerable to exploitation and abuse, including gender-based violence. Long-term solutions such as return or local integration are still out of reach for millions. 'The cost of inaction is rising,' Bilak said. 'And displaced people are paying the price.'


Arab News
3 hours ago
- Arab News
What do we know about US strikes on Iran's nuclear facilities?
DUBAI: Amid mounting speculation, the US launched air strikes on three of Iran's nuclear facilities on Saturday. The operation aimed to support Israel in its war against Iran — ongoing since June 13 — by crippling Tehran's uranium enrichment capacity, according to Asharq News. US President Donald Trump later announced that Iran's uranium-enrichment abilities had been eliminated, warning Tehran against any 'retaliatory response.' Tehran, however, described the damage as 'limited' and dismissed any indications of radiation leaks. The US strikes included 14 bunker-buster bombs, more than two dozen Tomahawk missiles and over 125 military aircraft, in an operation the top US general, General Dan Caine, said was named 'Operation Midnight.' Asharq News reported that the strikes targeted three critical nuclear facilities instrumental in Iran's nuclear fuel cycle: Fordo, Natanz and Isfahan nuclear complex. These sites span the entire fuel-enrichment chain — from raw uranium conversion, through enrichment, to the production of fuel and technical components for research reactors. • The first B-2 bomber was publicly displayed on Nov. 22, 1988, but its first flight was on July 17, 1989. • The combat effectiveness of the B-2 was proved in the Balkans, where it was responsible for destroying 33 percent of all Serbian targets in the first eight weeks. • In support of Operation Enduring Freedom, the B-2 flew one of its longest missions to date from Whiteman to Afghanistan and back. • The B-2 completed its first-ever combat deployment in Iraq, flying 22 sorties and releasing more than 1.5 million pounds of munitions. Fordo facility Location and structure: Fordo is 30 kilometers northeast of Qom, embedded within a mountain at an altitude of approximately 1,750 m, with over 80 meters of rock and volcanic shielding — making it one of Iran's most fortified sites. Technical role: It houses two underground halls that can hold about 3,000 IR-1 centrifuges, enriching uranium up to 60 percent — a level nearing weapons -grade. Strategic importance: It is a primary target in any military effort to prevent Iran from achieving nuclear military capability, due to its high capacity and protection. Natanz reactor Location and structure: Situated near Kashan in central Iran, partially buried under about 8 meters of earth with a 220meter-thick concrete roof, naturally shielded by surrounding mountainous terrain. Technical role: Contains primary and experimental plants with over 14,000 centrifuges (IR-1, IR-2m, IR-4, IR-6), making it Iran's main industrial enrichment hub. Strategic importance: Responsible for producing most of Iran's low-enriched uranium and plays a key role in centrifuge development. Isfahan nuclear complex Location and structure: Located south of Isfahan on an arid plateau away from populated areas, it is neither buried nor heavily fortified. Technical role: Includes a Uranium Conversion Facility (UCF); a research reactor fuel production plant; and a metallic fuel pelletizing plant, and three research reactors. Strategic importance: Serves as the backbone of Iran's nuclear research and production infrastructure, supplying both Natanz and Fordo. The Pentagon used some of the world's most advanced aircraft for Saturday's strikes. The B-2 Spirit is a multi-role bomber capable of delivering both conventional and nuclear munitions. The bomber represents a major milestone in the US bomber modernization program. The B-2 brings massive firepower to bear anywhere on the globe through seemingly impenetrable defenses. According to US officials, the bombers that carried out the Iran strikes flew for nearly 37 hours non-stop from its Missouri base, refueling in mid-air multiple times before striking in the early hours of Sunday. A B-2 bomber offers several key advantages, primarily due to its stealth capabilities and global reach. • A range over 11,000 km without refueling, capable of global reach from distant American bases. • Stealth abilities such as flying-wing design and radar-absorbing materials that allow it to evade air defenses. • It can carry both nuclear and conventional weapons, including the GBU‑57 bunker-buster bomb. Initial reports quoted by Asharq News indicated that Fordo was hit with the GBU‑57, the most powerful US conventional bunker buster, designed for deeply buried targets like Fordo, which lies 90 meters underground. Fox News reported six bunker-busting bombs were dropped on Fordo, alongside approximately 30 Tomahawk cruise missiles fired at Natanz and Isfahan. The GBU‑57 'Massive Ordnance Penetrator' was designed by American military engineers to devastate deeply buried bunkers without radioactive fallout. It was the only nonnuclear weapon that could reach Iran's hardest target. • Weight: ~13,600 kg • Length: 6.2 meters. • Diameter: 0.8 meters. • Explosive payload: 2,400 kg of high explosives. • Guidance: GPS + inertial navigation. * Penetration: Up to 60 meters of reinforced concrete or dense rock. A Tomahawk cruise missile is a precision weapon that launches from ships, submarines and ground launchers and can strike targets precisely from a great distance, even in heavily defended airspace. • Range: 1,250–2,500 km depending on variant. • Speed: Subsonic (~880 km/h). • Guidance: Inertial navigation, GPS, with some variants using terminal guidance (TERCOM, DSMAC). • Warhead: ~450 kg conventional explosives. • Launch platforms: Ships and submarines. There has been a torrent of responses to the US move against Iran, Asharq News reported. President Trump declared the mission's success, stating that the Fordo facility was 'gone,' and Iran's primary nuclear enrichment sites 'completely and utterly destroyed.' Later on Sunday, US Defense Secretary Pete Hegseth said the strikes were an incredible and overwhelming success that have 'obliterated Tehran's nuclear ambitions.' For its part, Iran's Tasnim News Agency quoted an official saying the nuclear sites had been evacuated in advance, and the damage was 'not irreparable.' The Atomic Energy Organization of Iran stated there was 'no risk of any radiation leak.' Iran emphasized its nuclear industry would not be halted.


Arab News
3 hours ago
- Arab News
UN chief warns of cycle of retaliation after US bombs Iran
United Nations chief Antonio Guterres warned Sunday against yet 'another cycle of destruction' and retaliation following the US strikes on Iran's nuclear facilities, which he said marked a 'perilous turn' in the region. 'I have repeatedly condemned any military escalation in the Middle East,' the secretary-general told an emergency meeting of the UN Security Council. 'The people of the region cannot endure another cycle of destruction. And yet, we now risk descending into a rathole of retaliation after retaliation.' Rafael Grossi, director of the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA), also called for restraint as he voiced fears over 'potential widening' of the conflict. 'We have a window of opportunity to return to dialogue and diplomacy. If that window closes, violence and destruction could reach unthinkable levels and the global non-proliferation regime as we know it could crumble and fall,' Grossi said. Speaking to the Security Council by video link, he said there were visible craters at Iran's key Fordo nuclear facility, 'indicating the use by the United States of America of ground-penetrating munitions.' But Grossi noted that no one had been able to assess the underground damage at Fordo. He added that 'armed attacks on nuclear facilities should never take place and could result in radioactive releases with grave consequences within and beyond the boundaries of the State which has been attacked.'