Relieved Pakistanis recall 'horrifying nights' as Israel, Iran trade strikes
Mohammad Hassan anxiously returned to Pakistan from neighbouring Iran this week after witnessing drones, missiles, and explosions tear through Tehran's sky during what he called long, "horrifying nights".
The 35-year-old University of Tehran student is one of about 3,000 Pakistanis who, according to the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, have returned home since Israel launched its aerial war against its long-time enemy last week.
Governments around the world are scrambling to evacuate their nationals caught up in the rapidly spiralling conflict as Israel and Iran trade missile and drone strikes.
"I was in the city centre where most of the strikes took place and even one of the student dormitories was attacked and luckily no one was dead, but students were injured," Hassan said.
There are more than 500 Pakistani students at his university alone, he said, all of them on their way "back home".
"Those days and nights were very horrifying... hearing sirens, the wailing, the danger of being hit by missiles. As one peeped out the window in the night, you could see drones, missiles with fire tails," he told AFP.
- Ghost town -
Pakistan and Iran have a shaky diplomatic relationship. They bombed each other's territory little more than a year ago, both claiming to target rebels using their neighbour's land to launch attacks.
Yet they have never suspended trade, tourism and academic ties.
Iranian consulates across Pakistan have stepped up efforts to promote their universities.
Between 25 million and 35 million Pakistani Shiite Muslims also hope to make at least one pilgrimage in their lifetime to holy sites in Iran, foremost among them the sacred city of Qom.
Mohammad Khalil, a 41-year-old petroleum engineer, left Tehran three days ago, the capital of the Islamic Republic looking like a ghost town as residents sheltered indoors and families fled.
"In the last two days, I saw people moving out of the city in different vehicles with necessary commodities," Khalil said.
Abdul Ghani Khan sells medical equipment in his hometown of Peshawar in northwest Pakistan and travels to Iran regularly for supplies.
He had been in Tehran for a week when the first Israeli missiles fell on Friday. Iran and Israel have traded heavy missile fire in the days since, raising fears of a wider regional conflict.
Pakistan is in a difficult position as the only Muslim-majority country with nuclear weapons. It, like Iran, does not recognise Israel but is also a major ally of the United States.
Khan had to make the journey home by road because the airspace is now closed. Pakistan has also shut its border crossings with Iran to all except Pakistanis wanting to return home.
"We saw drones, red lights of anti-aircraft guns and I spotted one building catch fire," Khan said.
- 'Offering prayer' -
Mohammad Asif, a lawyer from Lahore in Pakistan's east, heard about the air strikes while on a pilgrimage in Qom.
He wasn't initially afraid and continued his pilgrimage to Mashhad in Iran's northeast, home to the golden-domed Imam Reza shrine.
That was until Israeli strikes hit the airport in Mashhad, nearly 1,000 kilometres (620 miles) from the Pakistani border.
Samreen Ali was also in Mashhad but, like Asif, cut her trip short and returned with her husband and 15-year-old son.
She was praying in a mosque in Mashhad when Israel struck the city.
Ali said she had visited Iran nine times before on pilgrimages and never imagined witnessing war there.
"I was offering prayer when I heard two explosions," she told AFP.
She then noticed she wasn't receiving messages on her phone and assumed that "communication was being restricted... because of the war".
Syed Saqib, 46, was in Qom and had to travel 500 kilometres (310 miles) by bus southeast to Yazd.
"We had to take alternative routes, spend an entire night waiting at a bus terminal," Saqib said.
They then boarded buses to Zahedan, a city near the border with Pakistan's Balochistan province. A relieved Saqib recalled making the border crossing at Taftan, surrounded by families carrying heavy luggage.
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Dr. Shashi Tharoor, Member of Parliament in India and Chairman of Committee on External Affairs, speaks with Newsweek's Editor-in-Chief Jennifer Cunningham at the Indian Embassy in Washington, DC on June 6, 2025. Dr. Shashi Tharoor, Member of Parliament in India and Chairman of Committee on External Affairs, speaks with Newsweek's Editor-in-Chief Jennifer Cunningham at the Indian Embassy in Washington, DC on June 6, 2025. Maansi Srivastava for Newsweek A member of parliament from the opposition Indian National Congress, Tharoor showed a unified front with the government of Prime Minister Narendra Modi on "Operation Sindoor." In Washington, his delegation met with Vice President JD Vance. Tharoor said the Indian operation had been designed to send a message to Pakistan and to avoid civilian casualties while striking infrastructure of groups designated as terrorists by the U.S. and United Nations. 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Tharoor accused Pakistan of escalating the brief conflict after the initial Indian strikes. Despite Pakistani claims to have shot down Indian aircraft, satellite damage showed that Pakistani air bases had suffered worst, he said. "When they said they were ready to stop, we stopped immediately. We didn't need persuading," he said. With both countries having nuclear arsenals, Tharoor said there was concern over statements from Pakistan, which had said it could use nuclear weapons if it felt its existence was threatened. India did not plan to change its own policy of no "first use" of nuclear weapons, he said. "We are a little concerned about this nuclear bogey being brandished every time by the Pakistanis. To begin with, they are the only ones who are waving the threat of nuclear action, not us," he said. "The very existence of terrorism is being threatened, not of Pakistan. So I don't see why they need to even raise that threat. 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But, as I say, we are not a nation that's seeking confrontation with anybody." China's embassy in India declined to comment in response to questions from Newsweek. India also has border disputes with China, and Prime Minister Modi told Newsweek in 2024 that he hoped they would be resolved quickly. There has been no sign of progress. "There doesn't seem to be an immediate inclination on the part of China to move towards a settlement. India, on the other hand, has come a long way from its earlier position," Tharoor said. "Until China decides to come around on this, I don't really see how we're going to be able to do so.... The world is large enough that India can grow and prosper. We don't have to tread on each other's toes." Nonaligned India is a member of the BRICS group with China and Russia, but in so doing it is part of a voice for the Global South and not an indication of it being aligned with the autocracies, Tharoor said. "We're proud of being a democracy, and we will always want that across the partisan divide," he said. As a major power with an independent foreign policy, India traditionally played a global bridging role between power blocs. That was now a challenge, Tharoor said. "I find it one of the two superpowers we're talking about is sitting on our borders and nibbling away at our frontiers. We ourselves inevitably have concerns about one of the superpowers that we don't have about the other one."
