Essex Police Museum gives insight into police life during WW2
Museum gives insight into police life during WW2
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Shivani Chaudhari
BBC News, Essex
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Essex Police
Special constables, pictured in Witham in 1939, were vital to the police during the war
A museum has given a glimpse of what it was like to be a police officer during World War Two as the country prepares to mark the 80th anniversary of Victory in Europe (VE) Day.
Huge crowds took to the streets on 8 May 1945 to celebrate after nearly six years of war.
In a blog post, Essex Police Museum explained that the war presented new challenges to policing: air raid precautions, ration fraud and captured enemies all needed to be dealt with, on top of the usual crimes.
During the war, 291 officers left the county's police forces to serve in the Armed Forces, and teenagers as young as 15 were recruited as messengers.
Essex Police
PC Alexander Scott, 26, and Detective Maurice Lee, 27, were killed in a German air raid outside police headquarters
Essex Police
The left side of the bombed police headquarters fared slightly better than the right side, thanks to the use of sandbags
In total, 32 officers from the Essex, Colchester and Southend forces were killed on military service and two more died in the bombing of police headquarters in Springfield, Chelmsford.
In November 1940, a German aircraft dropped bombs across Springfield and one landed in front of two officers at the main entrance of police headquarters, killing them.
While sandbags saved the building from any structural problems, there was a lot of damage to the roof, windows and ceilings.
An assessment showed that the clock had stopped at 19:17, the exact time of the blast, and not a single window remained intact.
The second bomb landed in the chief constable's garden opposite the room where an officer named Capt Peel and his wife were eating dinner, but they managed to escape.
Sandbags were stacked as high as the first floor at the old Southend Police Station in Alexandria Street.
Police buildings were also subject to blackout regulations, and this combined with the sandbagging and other precautions caused stuffy and unpleasant conditions.
Essex Police
Outside the old Southend Police Station in Alexandria Street, sandbags were stacked as high as the first floor
Insp Harold Tomalin wrote a letter describing his experience as an officer in World War Two.
The letter painted a picture of the impact the war had on many officers.
He said: "Whilst off duty fire-watching, we usually sat up late in case of emergency duty and then slept rough, fully clothed on camp beds, in small rooms with other men."
Many officers were staying away from their families and had to be ready for duty 24/7.
Essex Police
Inspector Harold Tomalin wrote a letter explaining what it was like to be in the force during the war
Judith Tomalin, daughter of Insp Tomalin, lived at 31 Kingston Crescent, Chelmsford, during the war and said she was often frightened by the air raids.
"Some of the bombs that were dropped were called incendiary bombs and they were mostly used at night time," she said.
Women and some older citizens used to be put on fire-watching duties, she said.
They would warn everyone that there was a fire using a rattle and blowing whistles to ensure people knew they were in danger.
There was an air raid shelter behind the house and Ms Tomalin said: "I did sleep down there a couple of times – but I didn't like it."
Essex Police
There was an air raid shelter in the back garden of 31 Kingston Crescent
The VE Day celebrations were some of the happiest memories for local children, said Ms Tomalin.
"Well, that was a very happy time... on VE night there was a huge bonfire put in the middle of the skid pan and we all went down to it," she said.
"Instead of Guy Fawkes... Hitler was on the top".
Essex Police
An effigy of Hitler was put on top of the bonfire, said Judith Tomalin
Essex Police
Essex Police said every year on Remembrance Day, everyone present at HQ gathered by the stone for a short memorial service and moment of silence
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