Latest news with #pandemics
Wall Street Journal
6 days ago
- Health
- Wall Street Journal
Why Is Everything an Existential Crisis?
So-called existential risks seem to be everywhere. Climate change, artificial intelligence, nuclear war, pandemics and more threaten to return us to nothingness. Most people using this term aren't consciously evoking the philosophy of Sartre or Camus. Still, they may be drawing on associations with existentialism more than they realize and unconsciously expressing deeper concerns about morality and meaning. In psychoanalysis, it isn't unusual for a word to have an unconscious double meaning. For example, a patient in therapy might say that she can't 'bear' children. She could consciously mean that she's unable to get pregnant, while also unconsciously communicating that she can't stand children. Or a grieving patient who's struggling to find the right word might say, 'I'm at a loss.'
Zawya
13-06-2025
- Health
- Zawya
Tunisia to host 1st MENA Region "One Health" Conference June 14-15
Tunis – Tunisia is hosting the first MENA Region 'One Health' Conference on June 14 and 15, with the participation of 17 regional countries and 40 high-level officials, including 10 ministers representing health, agriculture, and environment sectors, as well as directors-general, ministry representatives, and UN officials, announced Hechmi Louzir, president of the conference's scientific committee. The conference will also bring together representatives from international organisations such as the World Bank (the event's funder), the World Health Organisation (WHO), the Food and Agriculture Organisation (FAO), the UN Environment Programme (UNEP), and the World Organisation for Animal Health (OIE). During a press conference held Thursday at the Pasteur Institute of Tunis, Louzir emphasised that this event presents a key opportunity to enhance regional and international cooperation in tackling emerging pandemics and diseases through a unified approach linking health, environment, and agriculture sectors. He noted that Tunisia will propose the "Carthage Declaration for One Health," a joint pact between health, agriculture, and environment ministries, which has already been shared with participating countries. The declaration aims to establish core principles of the "One Health" approach through collective stakeholder engagement. "The adoption of this declaration by conference participants is expected," he added. Louzir highlighted that the "One Health" approach has become essential, given that over 70% of human diseases originate from animals. Hosting this conference in Tunisia will help produce concrete recommendations and develop effective strategies to combat pandemics, he said. Abderrazek Bouzouita, Director-General of Health at the Ministry of Health, stressed that the "One Health" approach will unify efforts and policies at national, regional, and international levels, especially as climate change and new diseases threaten ecosystems. He added that the conference aims to strengthen partnerships, **share expertise and produce a joint declaration to implement decisions across sectors. Wahib Mehri, Director-General of Veterinary Services at the Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries, and Water Resources, emphasised the need for a dedicated structure to ensure coordination between health, agriculture, and environment ministries, enabling real-time data sharing to prevent disease outbreaks. Mosbah Abaza, Director-General of Sustainable Development at the Ministry of Environment, pointed out the interconnectedness of environmental, agricultural, and health systems, warning that disruptions in one sector can severely impact others. The ministry plays a key role in "One Health" through wastewater treatment, waste management, and coastal protection initiatives, he said.
Gizmodo
05-06-2025
- Health
- Gizmodo
This Genetic ‘Trick' Helped the Black Death Linger for Centuries
Yersinia pestis—the bacterium that causes the bubonic plague—experienced a genetic tweak that allowed rodents to live longer after they were infected, according to a new study. This alteration may have prolonged two significant plague pandemics, including the deadliest event in human history: the Black Death. Researchers at the Institut Pasteur in France and McMaster University in Canada studied hundreds of ancient Y. pestis DNA samples to investigate a gene called 'pla.' Their study, published May 29 in the journal Science, identified a decrease in repetitions of the pla gene in the Y. pestis genome during the later stages of both the first and second major plague pandemics. The researchers believe these pla depletions ultimately allowed these pandemics to last longer. The first plague pandemic, known as the Plague of Justinian, struck the Mediterranean basin during the sixth century and caused tens of millions of deaths over the course of two centuries. The second emerged when the Black Death broke out in 1347, killing an estimated 30% to 50% of Europe's population in just six years. But this was just the beginning. Like the first pandemic, this plague continued to reemerge for centuries, lasting more than 500 years. This newly discovered evolution of the pla gene offers more insight into how these plagues persisted for so long. The pla gene appears many times in the Y. pestis' genome and plays a crucial role in its virulence by allowing it to infect the lymph nodes before traveling to the rest of the body, according to an Institut Pasteur statement. This causes rapid septicemia—or blood poisoning—and quickly kills the victim. Therefore, a lack of this gene in Y. pestis strains from the first and second major pandemics likely made the bacterium less virulent, the researchers suggest. To test that hypothesis, they infected mice with three preserved strains of Y. pestis from the third major pandemic that also had fewer repetitions of pla. 'These three samples enabled us to analyze the biological impact of these pla gene deletions,' said co-author Javier Pizarro-Cerdá, director of the Yersinia Research Unit at the Institut Pasteur, according to the statement. Through their mouse model, Pizarro-Cerdá and his colleagues found that the pla depletion resulted in a 20% decrease in victim mortality. What's more, it allowed infected rodents to live significantly longer. Based on these findings, the researchers concluded that rats infected with pla-depleted Y. pestis strains may have been more effective disease vectors, as they had more time to spread the plague far and wide before they died. Rodents—particularly rats—played a critical role in spreading the bubonic plague to humans. People most commonly contract this disease via infected flea bites, and fleas typically contract it when they feed on infected rodents. Thus, an increase in the lifespans of sickened rodents would have provided greater opportunity for fleas to bite them, become infected, and then bite humans. 'Ours is one of the first research studies to directly examine changes in an ancient pathogen, one we still see today, in an attempt to understand what drives the virulence, persistence, and eventual extinction of pandemics,' said co-lead author Hendrik Poinar, director of the McMaster Ancient DNA Centre and holder of the Michael G. DeGroote Chair in Genetic Anthropology, according to the statement. Today, the bubonic plague is considered a rare disease, though a small number of cases still emerge in western North America, Africa, Asia, and South America, according to the Cleveland Clinic. While this research provides valuable insight into the evolutionary history of Y. pestis and the world-altering pandemics it caused, it can also serve as a model for better understanding how deadly diseases emerge and spread, according to the researchers.
Zawya
21-05-2025
- Health
- Zawya
FIND Statement Regarding Livestream Hack at the World Health Assembly (WHA) Diagnostic Day Event
We are sorry that FIND's Diagnostic Day event ( livestream at the World Health Assembly was interrupted by hackers today. The goal of the meeting is to bring together world leaders together to discuss the future of diagnostics, a mission that is critical in a world at increasing risk of disease outbreaks and pandemics. To ensure that this crucial conversation continues, FIND sent a new livestream link to participants. We appreciate partners' patience and look forward to driving forward momentum around FIND's efforts to drive innovation and access to diagnostics. Distributed by APO Group on behalf of FIND.
