Latest news with #cancerDetection
Fox News
4 days ago
- Health
- Fox News
Cancer could be detected three years before diagnosis with experimental blood test
Researchers at Johns Hopkins University say they have uncovered an advanced method for detecting cancer. A new study, published in the journal Cancer Discovery and partly funded by the National Institutes of Health, found that genetic material shed by tumors can be detected in the bloodstream three years prior to a cancer diagnosis. The researchers analyzed plasma samples from a large Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) study to assess risk factors for heart attack, stroke, heart failure and other cardiovascular diseases, according to a press release. Blood samples were analyzed from 26 participants who were diagnosed with cancer within six months of sample collection, and 26 who were not diagnosed with cancer. Out of these 52 participants, eight scored positively on a multi-cancer early detection (MCED) lab test and were diagnosed with cancer within four months following blood collection. MCED tests are an experimental type of cancer screening that looks for signs of multiple types of cancer at the same time, according to the American Cancer Society. These signs may include pieces of DNA, RNA or proteins from abnormal cells. For six of these eight individuals, researchers were able to assess additional blood samples that were collected 3.1 to 3.5 years prior to diagnosis. In four samples, researchers identified tumor-derived mutations (genetic alterations within cancer cells). Lead study author Yuxuan Wang, MD, PhD, assistant professor of oncology at the Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, shared in a statement that investigators were surprised by the outcomes. "Three years earlier provides time for intervention," she said. "The tumors are likely to be much less advanced and more likely to be curable." For more Health articles, visit Senior study author Bert Vogelstein, MD, Clayton Professor of Oncology and co-director of the Ludwig Center at Johns Hopkins, said the study shows "the promise of MCED tests in detecting cancers very early, and sets the benchmark sensitivities required for their success." Detecting cancer years before a clinical diagnosis could help "provide management with a more favorable outcome," noted senior author Nickolas Papadopoulos, PhD, professor of oncology and Ludwig Center investigator. "Of course, we need to determine the appropriate clinical follow-up after a positive test for such cancers," he added. Fox News Digital reached out to Johns Hopkins for comment.
The Independent
4 days ago
- Health
- The Independent
Earliest signs of cancer can be found in the blood
Scientists have developed a highly sensitive blood test that can detect cancerous tumours years before symptoms appear. The study, published in Cancer Discovery, found that genetic mutations caused by cancer can be detected in the blood up to three years in advance for some patients. Researchers from Johns Hopkins University analysed blood samples from a NIH-funded study, using genome sequencing techniques to identify tumour-related mutations. In a sample of 52 participants, the test accurately identified eight individuals who were diagnosed with cancer within four months, and detected tumour DNA in earlier samples of four of those individuals, collected three to three-and-a-half years prior to diagnosis. The findings suggest that multicancer early detection (MCED) tests could lead to more standardised blood screenings, boosting early detection and preventing treatment-resistant tumours, pending validation in larger trials.
The Independent
4 days ago
- Health
- The Independent
Breakthrough blood test detects cancer years before symptoms appear
Scientists have developed a 'highly sensitive' blood test that could detect signs of cancerous tumours years before the first symptoms appear, an advance that could lead to better treatment outcomes for patients. Researchers from the Johns Hopkins University in the US found that genetic material shed by tumours can be detected in the bloodstream much before patients get their first diagnosis. The study, published in the journal Cancer Discovery, found that these genetic mutations caused by cancer, can be detected in the blood over three years in advance for some patients. 'Three years earlier provides time for intervention. The tumours are likely to be much less advanced and more likely to be curable,' said study co-author Yuxuan Wang. In the research, scientists assessed blood plasma samples collected from participants of a large NIH-funded study to investigate risk factors for heart attack, stroke, heart failure and other cardiovascular diseases. Researchers developed highly accurate and sensitive genome sequencing techniques to analyse blood samples from 52 of the earlier study's participants. Twenty-six of the participants were diagnosed with cancer within six months after sample collection, and 26 who were not diagnosed served as the control group for comparison. Eight of the 52 participants scored positively in a multicancer early detection (MCED) laboratory test conducted at the time their blood samples were taken. The MCED test is designed to detect multiple cancers in their early stages from a single blood sample by analysing cancer-signature molecules in the blood, including DNA and proteins. All eight were diagnosed with cancer within four months following blood collection. For six of these 8 participants, additional blood samples were collected about 3 to 3.5 years before cancer diagnosis. In four of these cases, mutations linked to tumour growth could be identified in their earlier blood samples. The findings point to 'the promise of MCED tests in detecting cancers very early', researchers say. It may lead to more standardised blood tests to screen people either annually or every two years, which could boost early detection and prevent cancers from becoming treatment-resistant tumours. 'These results demonstrate that it is possible to detect circulating tumour DNA more than three years prior to clinical diagnosis, and provide benchmark sensitivities required for this purpose,' scientists wrote. 'Detecting cancers years before their clinical diagnosis could help provide management with a more favourable outcome,' said Nickolas Papadopoulos, another author of the study. Scientists hope the findings can be validated in a larger-scale trial involving more participants.
Yahoo
31-05-2025
- Business
- Yahoo
Harbinger Health Showcases Multi-Cancer Early Detection Performance in High-Risk Populations at ASCO 2025
Reflex blood-based multi-cancer early detection (MCED) test demonstrated clinically meaningful per-cancer Positive Predictive Value (PPV) and early-stage sensitivity for multiple cancers with elevated incidence and mortality in a high-risk population Data to be presented at ASCO's Clinical Science Symposium on the future of cancer detection CAMBRIDGE, Mass., May 31, 2025 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) -- Harbinger Health, a biotechnology company pioneering the detection of early cancer, today announced clinical data demonstrating the performance of its blood-based MCED test across multiple high-incidence, high-mortality cancers, including those disproportionately affecting individuals with obesity, at the American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO) Annual Meeting in Chicago, Illinois. Results highlight the potential of Harbinger's ctDNA-methylation-based assay and reflex testing paradigm to address gaps in population-level early cancer detection, particularly for cancers without established screening programs, and in high-risk patient populations with limited clinical guidelines. 'The results from our study demonstrate the robust early-stage performance of our test across multiple cancer types. While the obesity-associated subset demonstrates our ability to target high-risk groups, the broader results underscore the platform's potential across a wide range of deadly cancers that lack mechanisms for effective, large-scale early detection via routine screening,' said Hutan Ashrafian, M.D., Ph.D., M.B.A., Chief Medical Officer of Harbinger Health. 'The analysis that we are presenting at ASCO validates the alignment between our test performance and disease burden and reflects our commitment to designing a test for those who need it most, when it matters most.' Harbinger's test uses specific proprietary methylation patterns of cell-free ctDNA in blood to detect the presence of cancer. The company has developed a platform that combines unique insights into the biology of cancer's origin with artificial intelligence and analytical and methodological innovations to create novel diagnostic and screening products in multiple clinical settings and cancer indications. Harbinger's reflex test system uses a two-step approach. The primary methylome profiling test is optimized for high sensitivity to rule out disease. This is followed by a confirmatory reflex test with an expanded methylation panel designed to improve PPV, rule in the presence of cancer, and identify tissue of origin (TOO). Harbinger conducted the Cancer ORigin Epigenetics-Harbinger Health (CORE-HH) study (NCT05435066) with Sarah Cannon Research Institute to validate and further develop Harbinger's platform. The multi-center, case-controlled study enrolled approximately 8,095 subjects from 126 sites across the U.S. and included two groups: a cancer group of treatment-naïve patients with confirmed diagnoses across 20+ solid and hematologic tumor types, and a non-cancer (control) group of individuals without suspected cancer at enrollment. All participants provided a single blood sample, and controls were followed for one year to confirm their cancer-free status. Dax Kurbegov, M.D., Senior Vice President at HCA Healthcare Sarah Cannon Cancer Network, will present the findings from the obesity cohort of the CORE-HH study at a Clinical Science Symposium entitled 'The Future of Cancer Detection is Coming' from 8:00-9:30 a.m. CDT on Saturday, May 31, 2025, in Hall D1 of the McCormick Place Chicago Convention Center. Key highlights from the presentation include: The test cohort, consisting of 762 individuals with obesity, was assembled from the CORE-HH study and had a mean age of 57.1 ± 13.4 years and were 63.3% female, 22.4% Black or African American, and 67.8% White. The distribution of cancer types evaluated in this study was breast, uterine, lung, lymphoid-line, prostate, colorectal, pancreas, upper GI (includes esophageal, esophagogastric junction, and gastric), head and neck, liver, biliary tract, and others. Cancer types grouped under 'Others' were not used to train the TOO model due to low sample counts. These include ovarian, renal, anal, neuroendocrine, cervical, melanoma, bladder, myeloid, soft tissue, sarcoma, among others. At 98.3% specificity, the reflex test achieved conventional sensitivities of 25.8% for early-stage (I-II) cancer and 80.3% for late-stage (III-IV) cancer. At 98.3% specificity, the reflex test achieved a conventional sensitivity of 50.9% for cancers without a screening program in the U.S. general population. Cancers with screening programs in the U.S. general population that were excluded are breast, colorectal, lung, prostate, and cervix. Overall intrinsic accuracy - the proportion of correct TOO readouts among cases with a corresponding readout category - was 36%. TOO-specific performance as measured by PPV for the following cancers was hepatobiliary (15%), upper GI (22%), colorectal (33%), and lung cancer (25%). In a modeled 100,000-person cohort, the test identified 51 of 86 pancreaticobiliary cancers, including 8 of 31 at early-stage. Dr. Kurbegov commented: 'These data introduce for the first time a metric for intrinsic accuracy to measure a test's ability to correctly identify both a cancer signal and its tissue of origin. This is a more stringent and clinically relevant result as compared to conventional sensitivity, which has been the current industry standard and does not provide information on the location of cancer within an individual. Measuring per-cancer PPV, combined with the reflex test design, are novel aspects of Harbinger's approach that may support stratified diagnostic and follow-up strategies that could help physicians tailor downstream evaluation and management according to the likely tissue of origin and associated benefit-risk considerations. These advances solve some of the most confounding challenges we currently face in our ability to make the most of blood-based tools for early cancer detection. Given these technological advances and study results, I am optimistic that the future of cancer detection is bright and close at hand.' Obesity is estimated to contribute to ~84,000 new cancer cases in the U.S. annually1,2, and the incidence of obesity-related cancers has increased substantially over the past two decades3. Thirteen obesity-associated cancers represent ~40% of cancer diagnoses in the U.S.4, and most of these cancers, such as pancreatic, liver, and endometrial, do not have screening programs available. About Harbinger Health Harbinger Health is leading a transformation in early cancer detection, introducing fundamentally new approaches to screening, diagnosis, and management. The company combines advances in artificial intelligence with proprietary insights into the biology of the beginnings of cancer to identify cancer before it is visible or symptomatic with the aim of developing a low-cost, multi-cancer blood test. Harbinger envisions a future where, instead of keeping cancer from spreading, it could be kept from forming, making a cancer diagnosis a routine health problem to be addressed rather than a life-altering event to be feared with profound implications for people, healthcare systems and societies. Harbinger was founded by Flagship Pioneering after three years of foundational research in its Labs unit and launched in 2020. Learn more about Harbinger by visiting or following us on LinkedIn. Media Contactpress@ ______________________________________ American Association for Cancer Research. Cancer Progress Report 2024 Ligibel JA, Alfano CM, Courneya KS, et al. American Society of Clinical Oncology position statement on obesity and cancer. J Clin Oncol. 2014 Shiels MS, Haque AT, González AB et al. Trends in Cancer Incidence and Mortality Rates in Early-Onset and Older-Onset Age Groups in the United States, 2010–2019. Cancer Discovery. 2025 National Cancer Institute. Obesity and Cancer Fact Sheet. Updated 2022Error in retrieving data Sign in to access your portfolio Error in retrieving data Error in retrieving data Error in retrieving data Error in retrieving data
Japan Times
29-05-2025
- Health
- Japan Times
Team develops esophageal cancer prediction method using the inside of the cheek
A team of Kyoto University and other researchers has developed a method of predicting with high accuracy the risk of someone developing esophageal cancer by analyzing cells collected from inside the person's cheeks. If brought into practical use, the method could facilitate early cancer detection and cancer prevention through lifestyle improvements. The team's findings were published in an online international medical journal in April. Its study covered 222 people age 40-94, all with a history of smoking and drinking who either had esophageal cancer or did not. The team swabbed the inside of their cheeks to extract cheek mucosa cells and analyzed any genetic mutations. Participants with a lower tolerance for alcohol had more genetic mutations in their extracted cells when their alcoholic intake increased. On the other hand, those whose bodies were capable of processing alcohol well did not display such an increase. The team also found that esophageal cancer patients had more genetic mutations than those who did not, even if their cancer was discovered at an early stage. The team managed to make cancer probability predictions with an accuracy of over 70% by analyzing various genetic mutation data together. The team found "what is believed to be a biomarker that indicates (cancer) risks more objectively and accurately than with the conventional method of interviewing (patients) on their lifestyle habits and predispositions," said team member Akira Yokoyama, lecturer at Kyoto University Hospital.
