Latest news with #RNA
Yahoo
6 days ago
- Health
- Yahoo
RNA has newly identified role: Repairing serious DNA damage to maintain the genome
Your DNA is continually damaged by sources both inside and outside your body. One especially severe form of damage called a double-strand break involves the severing of both strands of the DNA double helix. Double-strand breaks are among the most difficult forms of DNA damage for cells to repair because they disrupt the continuity of DNA and leave no intact template to base new strands on. If misrepaired, these breaks can lead to other mutations that make the genome unstable and increase the risk of many diseases, including cancer, neurodegeneration and immunodeficiency. Cells primarily repair double-strand breaks by either rejoining the broken DNA ends or by using another DNA molecule as a template for repair. However, my team and I discovered that RNA, a type of genetic material best known for its role in making proteins, surprisingly plays a key role in facilitating the repair of these harmful breaks. These insights could not only pave the way for new treatment strategies for genetic disorders, cancer and neurodegenerative diseases, but also enhance gene-editing technologies. I have spent the past two decades investigating the relationship between RNA and DNA in order to understand how cells maintain genome integrity and how these mechanisms could be harnessed for genetic engineering. A long-standing question in the field has been whether RNA in cells helps keep the genome stable beyond acting as a copy of DNA in the process of making proteins and a regulator of gene expression. Studying how RNA might do this has been especially difficult due to its similarity to DNA and how fast it degrades. It's also technically challenging to tell whether the RNA is directly working to repair DNA or indirectly regulating the process. Traditional models and tools for studying DNA repair have for the most part focused on proteins and DNA, leaving RNA's potential contributions largely unexplored. My team and I were curious about whether RNA might actively participate in fixing double-strand breaks as a first line of defense. To explore this, we used the gene-editing tool CRISPR-Cas9 to make breaks at specific spots in the DNA of human and yeast cells. We then analyzed how RNA influences various aspects of the repair process, including efficiency and outcomes. We found that RNA can actively guide the repair process of double-strand breaks. It does this by binding to broken DNA ends, helping align sequences of DNA on a matching strand that isn't broken. It can also seal gaps or remove mismatched segments, further influencing whether and how the original sequence is restored. Additionally, we found that RNA aids in double-strand break repair in both yeast and human cells, suggesting that its role in DNA repair is evolutionary conserved across species. Notably, even low levels of RNA were sufficient to influence the efficiency and outcome of repair, pointing to its broad and previously unrecognized function in maintaining genome stability. By uncovering RNA's previously unknown function to repair DNA damage, our findings show how RNA may directly contribute to the stability and evolution of the genome. It's not merely a passive messenger, but an active participant in genome maintenance. These insights could help researchers develop new ways to target the genomic instability that underlies many diseases, including cancer and neurodegeneration. Traditionally, treatments and gene-editing tools have focused almost exclusively on DNA or proteins. Our findings suggest that modifying RNA in different ways could also influence how cells respond to DNA damage. For example, researchers could design RNA-based therapies to enhance the repair of harmful breaks that could cause cancer, or selectively disrupt DNA break repair in cancer cells to help kill them. In addition, these findings could improve the precision of gene-editing technologies like CRISPR by accounting for interactions between RNA and DNA at the site of the cut. This could reduce off-target effects and increase editing precision, ultimately contributing to the development of safer and more effective gene therapies. There are still many unanswered questions about how RNA interacts with DNA in the repair process. The evolutionary role that RNA plays in maintaining genome stability is also unclear. But one thing is certain: RNA is no longer just a messenger, it is a molecule with a direct hand in DNA repair, rewriting what researchers know about how cells safeguard their genetic code. This article is republished from The Conversation, a nonprofit, independent news organization bringing you facts and trustworthy analysis to help you make sense of our complex world. It was written by: Francesca Storici, Georgia Institute of Technology Read more: How does RNA know where to go in the city of the cell? Using cellular ZIP codes and postal carrier routes Cells have more mini 'organs' than researchers thought − unbound by membranes, these rogue organelles challenge biology's fundamentals Drugs of the future will be easier and faster to make, thanks to mRNA – after researchers work out a few remaining kinks Francesca Storici consults at Tessera Therapeutics. She has received funding from the National Institutes of Health and the National Science Foundation.
Yahoo
6 days ago
- Business
- Yahoo
mRNA Vaccine Core Enzyme Market to Reach USD 7 Billion by 2034
mRNA Vaccine Core Enzyme Market Overview 2025-2034 Luton, Bedfordshire, United Kingdom, June 16, 2025 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) -- The global mRNA vaccine core enzyme market is witnessing unprecedented growth, driven by heightened demand for rapid vaccine development and growing advancements in biotechnology. As of 2024, the market is valued at approximately USD 2.3 billion, with projections indicating it will reach nearly USD 7 billion by 2034, reflecting a CAGR of 13.4% over the forecast period. This growth trajectory is underpinned by expanding applications of mRNA technology across infectious diseases, cancer therapeutics, and personalized medicine, along with increased public and private sector investments. Download PDF Brochure: The COVID-19 pandemic played a transformative role in bringing mRNA vaccine technologies into the spotlight, proving their potential for rapid response and scalable deployment. As governments, pharmaceutical companies, and research institutions pivot towards future pandemic preparedness and broader therapeutic applications, the core enzymes essential for mRNA synthesis and delivery—such as polymerases and lipid nanoparticles—are in increasingly high demand. Market Segmentation Analysis By Product Type The market is segmented into Poly(A) Polymerase, RNA Polymerase, Nudge Enzyme, and Other Enzymes. Among these, Poly(A) Polymerase holds a dominant share due to its essential role in stabilizing synthetic mRNA transcripts for vaccine formulation. Enhanced purification techniques have also improved the quality and reliability of Poly(A) Polymerase, increasing its demand. RNA Polymerase, equally critical, is widely used in transcription processes to synthesize mRNA from DNA templates. It finds applications in both commercial vaccine production and academic research. Nudge Enzymes, although newer to the market, are gaining traction due to their emerging role in improving mRNA stability and delivery efficiency. These innovations signal strong growth prospects, particularly for advanced research and personalized therapies. By Application The therapeutics segment is emerging as a key growth driver within the application spectrum, spurred by research into using mRNA technology for cancer treatment, autoimmune conditions, and rare diseases. Collaborations between biotech startups and large pharmaceutical firms are fostering the development of new therapeutic platforms leveraging mRNA enzymes. In contrast, preventive vaccines remain the cornerstone of the mRNA enzyme market, bolstered by ongoing global vaccination programs and the anticipation of future pandemics. The success of COVID-19 mRNA vaccines has underscored the need for faster, adaptable vaccine platforms. Research and development (R&D) also constitutes a significant market share. A surge in clinical trials and funding for pre-clinical mRNA studies—especially in academic and research institutions—continues to drive enzyme demand, particularly as R&D efforts expand to newer disease areas. By End User Pharmaceutical companies form the largest end-user segment, leveraging their production capacity, regulatory expertise, and global distribution networks to manufacture large volumes of mRNA-based products. These firms rely heavily on high-quality enzymes for consistent vaccine efficacy. Academic and research institutions, while smaller in scale, play a vital role in early-stage innovation and pilot studies. They frequently collaborate with biotech firms to explore novel mRNA applications, thereby fueling demand for research-grade enzymes. Biotech companies, particularly startups focused on gene editing and personalized medicine, represent a fast-growing end-user base. These companies require scalable and customizable enzyme solutions, thereby creating a niche yet dynamic demand profile. By Technology The market is further categorized by technology into In Vitro Transcription, Purification Technologies, and Quality Control and Characterization Technologies. Among these, In Vitro Transcription (IVT) is foundational to mRNA synthesis. Continued optimization has enhanced both yield and cost-efficiency, making IVT indispensable for vaccine production. Purification technologies ensure removal of contaminants and increase product stability. Emerging trends involve automating these processes to minimize human error and improve throughput. Meanwhile, quality control and characterization technologies are becoming increasingly vital due to stringent regulatory requirements. These technologies facilitate consistency, batch reproducibility, and compliance, making them a key area for future investments. By Distribution Channel Distribution of mRNA enzymes occurs through direct sales, online platforms, and third-party distributors. Direct sales remain preferred by pharmaceutical companies for custom orders and quality assurance, ensuring close coordination with enzyme manufacturers. However, online sales are on the rise, particularly among academic institutions and smaller biotech firms looking for convenience and cost savings. The trend reflects a broader shift toward digital procurement models in the life sciences sector. Third-party distributors serve an important role in extending enzyme availability to emerging markets and underserved regions. Their reach and logistical support are critical to ensuring timely supply in areas lacking direct access to manufacturers. Browse full Report - Market Segmentation By Product Type - Poly(A) Polymerase - RNA Polymerase - Nudge Enzyme By Application - Therapeutics - Preventive Vaccines - Research and Development By End-user - Pharmaceutical Companies - Academic and Research Institutions - Biotech Companies By Distribution Channel - Direct Sales - Online Sales - Third-party Distributors By Technology - In Vitro Transcription - Purification technologies - Quality control and characterization technologies By Region - North America - Europe - Asia Pacific - Latin America - Middle East and Africa Regional Insights North America North America leads the global mRNA vaccine core enzyme market, contributing approximately 45% of global revenue in 2024. The U.S. stands at the forefront due to its robust biotech ecosystem, deep investment in R&D, and support from regulatory bodies like the FDA. Strategic collaborations between pharma giants and research institutions further accelerate innovation and commercialization. The region is expected to grow at a CAGR of around 8.5% through 2034. Europe Europe holds a significant market share of around 30%, led by countries like Germany, the UK, and France. Favorable government policies, strong academic research infrastructure, and a growing emphasis on biotechnology are propelling market growth. A CAGR of 7.0% is anticipated through 2034 as EU nations enhance their domestic vaccine capabilities and biotech investments. Asia Pacific Asia Pacific is the fastest-growing region, projected to expand at a CAGR of 10.5% by 2034. Major drivers include rising investments in health infrastructure, expanding pharmaceutical manufacturing hubs in China and India, and increasing public health awareness. However, challenges such as regulatory complexity and uneven infrastructure persist across the region. Latin America and Middle East & Africa Emerging markets like Latin America and Africa are exhibiting strong growth potential, driven by improvements in public health funding and localized vaccine production. Though still nascent, these regions are expected to attract future investment. Infrastructure and regulatory challenges, however, may temper the pace of growth unless addressed through public-private collaboration. Buy Now: Key Competitors Moderna Inc. BioNTech SE Pfizer Inc. CureVac AG Gennova Biopharmaceuticals Zydus Cadila Sanofi AstraZeneca Merck & Co., Inc. Novavax Inc. Regeneron Pharmaceuticals Translate Bio Genexine Inc. AbCellera Biologics Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited Recent Market Developments Moderna Inc. expanded its mRNA production facility in Norwood, Massachusetts in August 2023, aiming to scale up production in response to growing global demand. BioNTech SE launched a next-generation mRNA-based influenza vaccine in September 2023, signaling a shift toward seasonal applications beyond COVID-19. CureVac AG announced a strategic partnership in July 2023 with a major pharmaceutical firm to co-develop mRNA therapies, highlighting a trend toward collaboration and shared risk. Zydus Cadila received regulatory approval in India for its mRNA COVID-19 vaccine in October 2023, positioning the country as a significant player in localized mRNA production. Pfizer Inc. acquired a biotech firm specializing in advanced mRNA platforms in November 2023, bolstering its pipeline and reaffirming its commitment to innovation. This report is also available in the following languages : Japanese (mRNAワクチンコア酵素市場), Korean (mRNA 백신 핵심 효소 시장), Chinese (mRNA疫苗核心酶市场), French (Marché des enzymes de base des vaccins à ARNm), German (Markt für mRNA-Impfstoff-Kernenzyme), and Italian (Mercato degli enzimi fondamentali del vaccino mRNA), etc. Request Sample Pages: More Research Finding – Tozinameran Market The global market for Tozinameran, a key COVID-19 mRNA vaccine, is valued at approximately $21 billion. The market is expected to grow significantly, with a projected value of around $45 billion by 2034. This represents a Compound Annual Growth Rate (CAGR) of about 8.1% from 2025 to 2034. mRNA Vaccine and Therapeutics Raw Material Market The global market for mRNA vaccine and therapeutics raw materials is valued at approximately $4.5 billion, driven by the accelerating demand for innovative vaccine solutions and therapeutic modalities. The market is projected to reach around $9.2 billion by 2034, reflecting a robust Compound Annual Growth Rate (CAGR) of approximately 8.2% from 2025 to 2034. Non-invasive Vaccine Market The global non-invasive vaccine market is projected to reach a value of approximately $2.5 billion in 2024, driven by advancements in vaccine delivery systems and increasing demand for pain-free immunization methods. During the forecast period from 2025 to 2034, the market is expected to experience significant growth, with an estimated compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 11.5%. Foot and Mouth Disease FMD Vaccines for Pig Market The global market for Foot and Mouth Disease (FMD) vaccines for pigs is projected to reach approximately $1.2 billion in 2024, with a significant growth trajectory anticipated through the next decade. By 2034, the market value is expected to rise to about $2.3 billion, reflecting a robust Compound Annual Growth Rate (CAGR) of 6.9% from 2025 to 2034. Flu RNA Vaccines Market The global market for flu RNA vaccines is valued at approximately $2.5 billion, reflecting a growing demand for innovative vaccination solutions amid rising flu cases and the ongoing need for enhanced public health measures. Projections indicate that the market will expand to around $6 billion by 2034, with a Compound Annual Growth Rate (CAGR) of 9.1% over the forecast period from 2025 to 2034. Pediatric Vaccines Market The global pediatric vaccines market is valued at approximately $40 billion, driven by increasing immunization rates and the growing incidence of infectious diseases among children. With advancements in vaccine technologies and rising awareness of preventive healthcare, the market is projected to reach around $70 billion by 2034, marking substantial growth. Shingles Vaccine Market The global shingles vaccine market is valued at approximately $5.1 billion, driven by increasing awareness of shingles and rising vaccination rates among older populations. The market is projected to grow significantly, reaching an estimated value of $10 billion by 2034, with a Compound Annual Growth Rate (CAGR) of 7.1% from 2025 to 2034. U.S. Meningococcal Vaccines Market The U.S. meningococcal vaccines market is valued at approximately $1.5 billion, reflecting a robust demand driven by increasing awareness of meningococcal disease and vaccination initiatives. The market is projected to grow at a CAGR of 6.2%, reaching an estimated $2.7 billion by 2034. This growth trajectory is propelled by several factors, including expanded recommendations for vaccination among adolescents and young adults, and the ongoing efforts to enhance vaccine accessibility and education. Rna Based Therapeutics Market The RNA-based therapeutics market is projected to reach a value of approximately $7.3 billion in 2024, driven by advancements in mRNA technology and increasing investments in gene therapies. The market is expected to expand significantly with a projected value of around $19.6 billion by 2034, reflecting a robust Compound Annual Growth Rate (CAGR) of 10.4% during the forecast period from 2025 to 2034. U.S. Vaccine Technologies Market The U.S. vaccine technology market is valued at approximately $70 billion, buoyed by increasing demand for innovative vaccines and heightened awareness of public health needs. The market is projected to grow significantly, with an estimated value reaching $110 billion by 2034, reflecting a robust growth trajectory. Chikungunya Vaccine Future Trends and Market The global chikungunya vaccine market is projected to hold a value of approximately $2.5 billion in 2024. Given the increasing incidence of chikungunya virus infections and the growing awareness regarding preventative healthcare measures, the market is expected to reach around $5.6 billion by 2034. This outlook suggests a robust Compound Annual Growth Rate (CAGR) of 8.5% during the forecast period from 2025 to 2034. Innovations in Vaccine Technologies Market The global vaccine technologies market is projected to reach a value of approximately $65 billion in 2024, with expectations to grow to about $110 billion by 2034. This trajectory represents a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of around 5.3% during the forecast period from 2025 to 2034. Dendritic Cell Therapy Vaccine Market The dendritic cell therapy vaccine market is valued at approximately $1.2 billion, reflecting a robust interest in innovative immunotherapy solutions. The market is projected to reach around $3.4 billion by 2034, indicating a substantial growth trajectory driven by advancements in personalized medicine and an increasing prevalence of cancer worldwide. Gammaretroviral Vector Market The gammaretroviral vector market is anticipated to reach approximately $1.2 billion in 2024, driven by advancements in gene therapies and increasing applications in biomedical research. The market is projected to grow significantly, with an estimated compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 8.5% from 2025 to 2034, ultimately reaching around $2.7 billion by the end of this forecast period. Multi Use Bioreactor Market The global multi-use bioreactor market is valued at approximately $3.2 billion, reflecting significant growth driven by advances in biopharmaceutical manufacturing and increased demand for personalized medicine. The projected market value for 2025-2034 is estimated to reach $6.5 billion, highlighting the sector's robust expansion. Medical Refrigerated Market The global medical refrigerated market is valued at approximately $6.5 billion in 2024, with projections indicating a potential increase to around $10 billion by 2034. This growth reflects a robust Compound Annual Growth Rate (CAGR) of approximately 4.5% during the forecast period from 2025 to 2034. Needle for Disposable Injection Pen Market The disposable injection pen market is valued at approximately $4.5 billion in 2024, with expectations to grow significantly over the next decade, reaching an estimated $9 billion by 2034. This growth reflects a Compound Annual Growth Rate (CAGR) of around 7.5% during the forecast period from 2025 to 2034. Meningitis B Vaccine Market The global market for Meningitis B vaccines is valued at approximately $1.1 billion. Projections indicate robust growth, with the market expected to reach $2.4 billion by 2034, driven by increasing awareness of preventive healthcare and advancements in vaccine technology. This represents a Compound Annual Growth Rate (CAGR) of around 8.2% from 2025 to 2034. Human Papillomavirus Vaccine Types 16 18 Market The global market for Human Papillomavirus (HPV) vaccines, particularly those aimed at preventing types 16 and 18, is valued at approximately $3 billion. The market is projected to reach around $5 billion by 2034, reflecting heightened awareness of HPV-related health risks and increased vaccination initiatives worldwide. CONTACT: Irfan Tamboli (Head of Sales) Phone: + 1704 266 3234 Email: sales@
Yahoo
6 days ago
- Business
- Yahoo
mRNA Vaccine Core Enzyme Market to Reach USD 7 Billion by 2034
mRNA Vaccine Core Enzyme Market Overview 2025-2034 Luton, Bedfordshire, United Kingdom, June 16, 2025 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) -- The global mRNA vaccine core enzyme market is witnessing unprecedented growth, driven by heightened demand for rapid vaccine development and growing advancements in biotechnology. As of 2024, the market is valued at approximately USD 2.3 billion, with projections indicating it will reach nearly USD 7 billion by 2034, reflecting a CAGR of 13.4% over the forecast period. This growth trajectory is underpinned by expanding applications of mRNA technology across infectious diseases, cancer therapeutics, and personalized medicine, along with increased public and private sector investments. Download PDF Brochure: The COVID-19 pandemic played a transformative role in bringing mRNA vaccine technologies into the spotlight, proving their potential for rapid response and scalable deployment. As governments, pharmaceutical companies, and research institutions pivot towards future pandemic preparedness and broader therapeutic applications, the core enzymes essential for mRNA synthesis and delivery—such as polymerases and lipid nanoparticles—are in increasingly high demand. Market Segmentation Analysis By Product Type The market is segmented into Poly(A) Polymerase, RNA Polymerase, Nudge Enzyme, and Other Enzymes. Among these, Poly(A) Polymerase holds a dominant share due to its essential role in stabilizing synthetic mRNA transcripts for vaccine formulation. Enhanced purification techniques have also improved the quality and reliability of Poly(A) Polymerase, increasing its demand. RNA Polymerase, equally critical, is widely used in transcription processes to synthesize mRNA from DNA templates. It finds applications in both commercial vaccine production and academic research. Nudge Enzymes, although newer to the market, are gaining traction due to their emerging role in improving mRNA stability and delivery efficiency. These innovations signal strong growth prospects, particularly for advanced research and personalized therapies. By Application The therapeutics segment is emerging as a key growth driver within the application spectrum, spurred by research into using mRNA technology for cancer treatment, autoimmune conditions, and rare diseases. Collaborations between biotech startups and large pharmaceutical firms are fostering the development of new therapeutic platforms leveraging mRNA enzymes. In contrast, preventive vaccines remain the cornerstone of the mRNA enzyme market, bolstered by ongoing global vaccination programs and the anticipation of future pandemics. The success of COVID-19 mRNA vaccines has underscored the need for faster, adaptable vaccine platforms. Research and development (R&D) also constitutes a significant market share. A surge in clinical trials and funding for pre-clinical mRNA studies—especially in academic and research institutions—continues to drive enzyme demand, particularly as R&D efforts expand to newer disease areas. By End User Pharmaceutical companies form the largest end-user segment, leveraging their production capacity, regulatory expertise, and global distribution networks to manufacture large volumes of mRNA-based products. These firms rely heavily on high-quality enzymes for consistent vaccine efficacy. Academic and research institutions, while smaller in scale, play a vital role in early-stage innovation and pilot studies. They frequently collaborate with biotech firms to explore novel mRNA applications, thereby fueling demand for research-grade enzymes. Biotech companies, particularly startups focused on gene editing and personalized medicine, represent a fast-growing end-user base. These companies require scalable and customizable enzyme solutions, thereby creating a niche yet dynamic demand profile. By Technology The market is further categorized by technology into In Vitro Transcription, Purification Technologies, and Quality Control and Characterization Technologies. Among these, In Vitro Transcription (IVT) is foundational to mRNA synthesis. Continued optimization has enhanced both yield and cost-efficiency, making IVT indispensable for vaccine production. Purification technologies ensure removal of contaminants and increase product stability. Emerging trends involve automating these processes to minimize human error and improve throughput. Meanwhile, quality control and characterization technologies are becoming increasingly vital due to stringent regulatory requirements. These technologies facilitate consistency, batch reproducibility, and compliance, making them a key area for future investments. By Distribution Channel Distribution of mRNA enzymes occurs through direct sales, online platforms, and third-party distributors. Direct sales remain preferred by pharmaceutical companies for custom orders and quality assurance, ensuring close coordination with enzyme manufacturers. However, online sales are on the rise, particularly among academic institutions and smaller biotech firms looking for convenience and cost savings. The trend reflects a broader shift toward digital procurement models in the life sciences sector. Third-party distributors serve an important role in extending enzyme availability to emerging markets and underserved regions. Their reach and logistical support are critical to ensuring timely supply in areas lacking direct access to manufacturers. Browse full Report - Market Segmentation By Product Type - Poly(A) Polymerase - RNA Polymerase - Nudge Enzyme By Application - Therapeutics - Preventive Vaccines - Research and Development By End-user - Pharmaceutical Companies - Academic and Research Institutions - Biotech Companies By Distribution Channel - Direct Sales - Online Sales - Third-party Distributors By Technology - In Vitro Transcription - Purification technologies - Quality control and characterization technologies By Region - North America - Europe - Asia Pacific - Latin America - Middle East and Africa Regional Insights North America North America leads the global mRNA vaccine core enzyme market, contributing approximately 45% of global revenue in 2024. The U.S. stands at the forefront due to its robust biotech ecosystem, deep investment in R&D, and support from regulatory bodies like the FDA. Strategic collaborations between pharma giants and research institutions further accelerate innovation and commercialization. The region is expected to grow at a CAGR of around 8.5% through 2034. Europe Europe holds a significant market share of around 30%, led by countries like Germany, the UK, and France. Favorable government policies, strong academic research infrastructure, and a growing emphasis on biotechnology are propelling market growth. A CAGR of 7.0% is anticipated through 2034 as EU nations enhance their domestic vaccine capabilities and biotech investments. Asia Pacific Asia Pacific is the fastest-growing region, projected to expand at a CAGR of 10.5% by 2034. Major drivers include rising investments in health infrastructure, expanding pharmaceutical manufacturing hubs in China and India, and increasing public health awareness. However, challenges such as regulatory complexity and uneven infrastructure persist across the region. Latin America and Middle East & Africa Emerging markets like Latin America and Africa are exhibiting strong growth potential, driven by improvements in public health funding and localized vaccine production. Though still nascent, these regions are expected to attract future investment. Infrastructure and regulatory challenges, however, may temper the pace of growth unless addressed through public-private collaboration. Buy Now: Key Competitors Moderna Inc. BioNTech SE Pfizer Inc. CureVac AG Gennova Biopharmaceuticals Zydus Cadila Sanofi AstraZeneca Merck & Co., Inc. Novavax Inc. Regeneron Pharmaceuticals Translate Bio Genexine Inc. AbCellera Biologics Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited Recent Market Developments Moderna Inc. expanded its mRNA production facility in Norwood, Massachusetts in August 2023, aiming to scale up production in response to growing global demand. BioNTech SE launched a next-generation mRNA-based influenza vaccine in September 2023, signaling a shift toward seasonal applications beyond COVID-19. CureVac AG announced a strategic partnership in July 2023 with a major pharmaceutical firm to co-develop mRNA therapies, highlighting a trend toward collaboration and shared risk. Zydus Cadila received regulatory approval in India for its mRNA COVID-19 vaccine in October 2023, positioning the country as a significant player in localized mRNA production. Pfizer Inc. acquired a biotech firm specializing in advanced mRNA platforms in November 2023, bolstering its pipeline and reaffirming its commitment to innovation. This report is also available in the following languages : Japanese (mRNAワクチンコア酵素市場), Korean (mRNA 백신 핵심 효소 시장), Chinese (mRNA疫苗核心酶市场), French (Marché des enzymes de base des vaccins à ARNm), German (Markt für mRNA-Impfstoff-Kernenzyme), and Italian (Mercato degli enzimi fondamentali del vaccino mRNA), etc. Request Sample Pages: More Research Finding – Tozinameran Market The global market for Tozinameran, a key COVID-19 mRNA vaccine, is valued at approximately $21 billion. The market is expected to grow significantly, with a projected value of around $45 billion by 2034. This represents a Compound Annual Growth Rate (CAGR) of about 8.1% from 2025 to 2034. mRNA Vaccine and Therapeutics Raw Material Market The global market for mRNA vaccine and therapeutics raw materials is valued at approximately $4.5 billion, driven by the accelerating demand for innovative vaccine solutions and therapeutic modalities. The market is projected to reach around $9.2 billion by 2034, reflecting a robust Compound Annual Growth Rate (CAGR) of approximately 8.2% from 2025 to 2034. Non-invasive Vaccine Market The global non-invasive vaccine market is projected to reach a value of approximately $2.5 billion in 2024, driven by advancements in vaccine delivery systems and increasing demand for pain-free immunization methods. During the forecast period from 2025 to 2034, the market is expected to experience significant growth, with an estimated compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 11.5%. Foot and Mouth Disease FMD Vaccines for Pig Market The global market for Foot and Mouth Disease (FMD) vaccines for pigs is projected to reach approximately $1.2 billion in 2024, with a significant growth trajectory anticipated through the next decade. By 2034, the market value is expected to rise to about $2.3 billion, reflecting a robust Compound Annual Growth Rate (CAGR) of 6.9% from 2025 to 2034. Flu RNA Vaccines Market The global market for flu RNA vaccines is valued at approximately $2.5 billion, reflecting a growing demand for innovative vaccination solutions amid rising flu cases and the ongoing need for enhanced public health measures. Projections indicate that the market will expand to around $6 billion by 2034, with a Compound Annual Growth Rate (CAGR) of 9.1% over the forecast period from 2025 to 2034. Pediatric Vaccines Market The global pediatric vaccines market is valued at approximately $40 billion, driven by increasing immunization rates and the growing incidence of infectious diseases among children. With advancements in vaccine technologies and rising awareness of preventive healthcare, the market is projected to reach around $70 billion by 2034, marking substantial growth. Shingles Vaccine Market The global shingles vaccine market is valued at approximately $5.1 billion, driven by increasing awareness of shingles and rising vaccination rates among older populations. The market is projected to grow significantly, reaching an estimated value of $10 billion by 2034, with a Compound Annual Growth Rate (CAGR) of 7.1% from 2025 to 2034. U.S. Meningococcal Vaccines Market The U.S. meningococcal vaccines market is valued at approximately $1.5 billion, reflecting a robust demand driven by increasing awareness of meningococcal disease and vaccination initiatives. The market is projected to grow at a CAGR of 6.2%, reaching an estimated $2.7 billion by 2034. This growth trajectory is propelled by several factors, including expanded recommendations for vaccination among adolescents and young adults, and the ongoing efforts to enhance vaccine accessibility and education. Rna Based Therapeutics Market The RNA-based therapeutics market is projected to reach a value of approximately $7.3 billion in 2024, driven by advancements in mRNA technology and increasing investments in gene therapies. The market is expected to expand significantly with a projected value of around $19.6 billion by 2034, reflecting a robust Compound Annual Growth Rate (CAGR) of 10.4% during the forecast period from 2025 to 2034. U.S. Vaccine Technologies Market The U.S. vaccine technology market is valued at approximately $70 billion, buoyed by increasing demand for innovative vaccines and heightened awareness of public health needs. The market is projected to grow significantly, with an estimated value reaching $110 billion by 2034, reflecting a robust growth trajectory. Chikungunya Vaccine Future Trends and Market The global chikungunya vaccine market is projected to hold a value of approximately $2.5 billion in 2024. Given the increasing incidence of chikungunya virus infections and the growing awareness regarding preventative healthcare measures, the market is expected to reach around $5.6 billion by 2034. This outlook suggests a robust Compound Annual Growth Rate (CAGR) of 8.5% during the forecast period from 2025 to 2034. Innovations in Vaccine Technologies Market The global vaccine technologies market is projected to reach a value of approximately $65 billion in 2024, with expectations to grow to about $110 billion by 2034. This trajectory represents a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of around 5.3% during the forecast period from 2025 to 2034. Dendritic Cell Therapy Vaccine Market The dendritic cell therapy vaccine market is valued at approximately $1.2 billion, reflecting a robust interest in innovative immunotherapy solutions. The market is projected to reach around $3.4 billion by 2034, indicating a substantial growth trajectory driven by advancements in personalized medicine and an increasing prevalence of cancer worldwide. Gammaretroviral Vector Market The gammaretroviral vector market is anticipated to reach approximately $1.2 billion in 2024, driven by advancements in gene therapies and increasing applications in biomedical research. The market is projected to grow significantly, with an estimated compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 8.5% from 2025 to 2034, ultimately reaching around $2.7 billion by the end of this forecast period. Multi Use Bioreactor Market The global multi-use bioreactor market is valued at approximately $3.2 billion, reflecting significant growth driven by advances in biopharmaceutical manufacturing and increased demand for personalized medicine. The projected market value for 2025-2034 is estimated to reach $6.5 billion, highlighting the sector's robust expansion. Medical Refrigerated Market The global medical refrigerated market is valued at approximately $6.5 billion in 2024, with projections indicating a potential increase to around $10 billion by 2034. This growth reflects a robust Compound Annual Growth Rate (CAGR) of approximately 4.5% during the forecast period from 2025 to 2034. Needle for Disposable Injection Pen Market The disposable injection pen market is valued at approximately $4.5 billion in 2024, with expectations to grow significantly over the next decade, reaching an estimated $9 billion by 2034. This growth reflects a Compound Annual Growth Rate (CAGR) of around 7.5% during the forecast period from 2025 to 2034. Meningitis B Vaccine Market The global market for Meningitis B vaccines is valued at approximately $1.1 billion. Projections indicate robust growth, with the market expected to reach $2.4 billion by 2034, driven by increasing awareness of preventive healthcare and advancements in vaccine technology. This represents a Compound Annual Growth Rate (CAGR) of around 8.2% from 2025 to 2034. Human Papillomavirus Vaccine Types 16 18 Market The global market for Human Papillomavirus (HPV) vaccines, particularly those aimed at preventing types 16 and 18, is valued at approximately $3 billion. The market is projected to reach around $5 billion by 2034, reflecting heightened awareness of HPV-related health risks and increased vaccination initiatives worldwide. CONTACT: Irfan Tamboli (Head of Sales) Phone: + 1704 266 3234 Email: sales@ in to access your portfolio
Boston Globe
13-06-2025
- Health
- Boston Globe
FDA clears Moderna's RSV vaccine for use in people aged 18 to 59
'RSV poses a serious health risk to adults with certain chronic conditions, and today's approval marks an important step forward in our ability to protect additional populations from severe illness from RSV,' Moderna CEO Stéphane Bancel, said in a statement. Advertisement The approval was a welcome win for the Cambridge-based company, which has faced several setbacks of late due to deep distrust of its messenger RNA vaccine platform among supporters of health secretary Robert F. Kennedy Jr. A number The next step in the vaccine's path to expanded use has already been cleared. At a meeting in April, the Center for Disease Control and Prevention's expert vaccines panel, the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices, voted to recommend use of RSV vaccine Advertisement At the time of the vote, only two of the three licensed RSV vaccines — Pfizer's Abryso and GSK's Arexvy — were licensed for use in adults under the age of 60. The committee's recommendation was worded in such a way as to include any RSV with a license for use in this age group, so should, in theory, apply as well to the Moderna vaccine now that the age extension has been endorsed by the FDA. But that ACIP recommendation is currently in limbo. A recommendation from the advisory body must be approved by the CDC director or the secretary of the Health and Human Services Department in order to come into force. There is currently no CDC director and in the nearly two months since ACIP endorsed the recommendation, Kennedy has chosen not to sign off on it. He did, however, approve three other recommendations the committee made related to use of chikungunya vaccines. Without a recommendation from the ACIP that has been accepted by the CDC director or the health secretary, the vaccine can be administered to an individual in the new age group, but health insurers do not have to cover its cost. Kennedy Advertisement Late last month Moderna The company said it will have mRESVIA available in the U.S. for both younger adults at increased risk — the ages 18 to 59 cohort — and adults aged 60 and older for the 2025-2026 respiratory virus season.
Yahoo
11-06-2025
- Science
- Yahoo
Kanazawa University research: High-speed AFM and 3D modelling help towards understanding the dynamics of a protein implicated in several cancers
KANAZAWA, Japan, June 11, 2025 /PRNewswire/ -- Researchers at the Nano Life Science Institute (WPI-NanoLSI), Kanazawa University observe and model how the enzyme ADAR1 interacts with double-stranded RNA, which may be useful for future cancer treatment strategies. An enzyme type noted in several cancers is the family of adenosine deaminases acting on RNA (ADARs). These enzymes convert adenosines in double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) into inosines, which cells read as guanosines. As such, ADARs can contribute to changes in protein-coding sequences and diminish the robustness of various RNA processes. Studies have shown that silencing one type of ADAR – ADAR1 – can prevent cancer proliferation and sensitize cancers to immunotherapy, suggesting that they could be a promising target for cancer treatments. However, so far, it has been difficult to pin down information on the structural dynamics of ADAR1 due to its size and complexity. Now, researchers led by Madhu Biyani at Kanazawa University, WPI-NanoLSI, Yasuhiro Isogai at Toyama Prefectural University, and Manish Biyani at Ishikawa Create Labo and Kwansei Gakuin University have combined high-speed atomic force microscopy (HS-AFM) and 3D modelling to shed light on the enzyme's conformations and interactions with dsRNA. Like many proteins, ADAR1 functions through changes in its conformation. However, most experimental techniques for determining protein structure, as well as 3D modelling algorithms, give static or average conformations that obscure the structural dynamics so important to the protein's function. Combining 3D modelling with HS-AFM proved helpful in shedding light on these dynamic aspects of ADAR1. The researchers first used 3D modelling based on the machine learning algorithm AlphaFold2 to predict the conformations of the enzyme and noted that it could take the form of monomers, dimers, trimers, and tetramers. HS AFM observations, as well as theoretically simulated HS AFM, supported these initial conclusions regarding the possible oligomer formations. The researchers then looked at the conformations the enzyme formed in the presence of double-stranded RNA (dsRNA). In particular, the researchers focused on a certain aryl hydrocarbon receptor 3'UTR mRNA as the target for ADAR1, since this receptor is known to be involved in the metabolism of substances alien to the body at those points. Observations of the dsRNA with HS-AFM not only agreed with previous structural studies but were able to provide insights into the structure of the target region in particular. Thanks to the speed and resolution of the HS-AFM image capture, the researchers were able to identify different conformations in the proteins that seemed to relate to distinct phases of the deaminizing process. In their report of the work, the researchers explain how ADAR1 first "searches" for the dsRNA and on "recognizing" it, adopts a flexible conformation as it approaches. The enzyme then engages in what the researchers describe as "capture" of the dsRNA backbone, for which the conformation transitions to something more stable and "anchor-like". The researchers highlight the role of dsRNA binding domains (dsRBDs) to stabilize the interaction with the dsRNA at this stage. They also note "a visibly large interfacial interaction between the deaminase domains, forming a dimer" as the enzyme dimer loops out on the dsRNA. The enzyme subsequently scans the RNA and dissociates to search for adenosine sites to convert. "These observations suggest that the dsRBDs are critical for initiating interactions between the deaminase domains, thereby promoting the formation of a stable, functional dimeric complex capable of efficiently binding and catalyzing the editing of dsRNA substrates," the researchers conclude in their report, thereby flagging the insights this study offers for further work towards possible cancer therapeutics. The researchers further propose future studies to compare ADAR1 and ADAR2, and to perform mutation analyses to clarify how ADAR1 dimerization influences A-to-I RNA editing, ultimately aiming to develop effective ADAR1 inhibitors. Figure 1: Three-dimensional modeling analysis of ADAR1 2025 Biyani, et al., Nature Communications Figure 2: Simulated AFM images of ADAR1 2025 Biyani, et al., Nature Communications Glossary Atomic force microscopy This imaging technique uses a nanosized tip at the end of a cantilever that is scanned over a sample. It can be used to determine the topography of a sample surface from the change in the strength of forces between the tip and the sample with distance, and the resulting deflection of the cantilever. It was first developed in the 1980s, but a number of modifications have augmented the functionality of the technique since. It is better suited to imaging biological samples than the scanning tunnelling microscope that had been previously developed because it does not require a conducting sample. In the 2000s, Toshio Ando at Kanazawa University was able to improve the scanning speed to such an extent that moving images could be captured. This allowed people to use the technique to visualize dynamic molecular processes for the first time. ADARs Adenosine deaminases acting on RNA (ADARs) convert adenosine to inosine, which is interpreted by cells as guanosine. This editing can influence alternative splicing, miRNA processing, double-stranded RNA stability, and protein-coding sequences. In mammals, there are two known ADARs responsible for adenosine to inosine RNA editing – ADAR1 and ADAR2. Notably, overexpression and increased activity of ADAR1 have been observed in cancers of the liver, breast, esophagus, prostate, and bone marrow. 3D modelling Several techniques are now available for protein structure prediction. In this study, the researchers used AlphaFold2 to model the structure of human ADAR1. Due to disorder regions in the N-terminal 822 residues, the final model focused on residues 823-1226, which encompass the deaminase domain. This monomer model served as the basis for building higher-order structures—dimer, trimer, tetramer, and polymer by superimposing it onto the ADAR2 dimer structure (PDB ID:1ZY7) through sequence alignment. Since determining ADAR1's full structure is challenging due to its size and complexity, the better-characterized ADAR2 provided a template to generate ADAR1 multimer models. Reference Madhu Biyani, Yasuhiro Isogai, Kirti Sharma, Shoei Maeda, Hinako Akashi, Yui Sugai, Masataka Nakano, Noriyuki Kodera, Manish Biyani, Miki Nakajima, High-speed atomic force microscopy and 3D modeling reveal the structural dynamics of ADAR1 complexes, Nature Communications 16, 4757 (2025). DOI：10.1038/s41467-025-59987-6 URL: Funding and AcknowledgementsFinancial support from the Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C), KAKENHI, Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS) (23K06067 to MadhuB), and the World Premier International Research Center Initiative (WPI), MEXT, Japan, are gratefully acknowledged. The authors thank Prof. Toshio Ando, Dr. Kenichi Umeda, Ms. Wei Weilin, Ms. Aimi Makino, and Ms. Kayo Nagatani for their technical support of HS-AFM experiments. Contact Kimie Nishimura (Ms)Project Planning and Outreach, NanoLSI Administration OfficeNano Life Science Institute, Kanazawa UniversityEmail: nanolsi-office@ Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan About Nano Life Science Institute (WPI-NanoLSI), Kanazawa UniversityUnderstanding nanoscale mechanisms of life phenomena by exploring "uncharted nano-realms". Cells are the basic units of almost all life forms. We are developing nanoprobe technologies that allow direct imaging, analysis, and manipulation of the behavior and dynamics of important macromolecules in living organisms, such as proteins and nucleic acids, at the surface and interior of cells. We aim at acquiring a fundamental understanding of the various life phenomena at the About the World Premier International Research Center Initiative (WPI)The WPI program was launched in 2007 by Japan's Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT) to foster globally visible research centers boasting the highest standards and outstanding research environments. Numbering more than a dozen and operating at institutions throughout the country, these centers are given a high degree of autonomy, allowing them to engage in innovative modes of management and research. The program is administered by the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS). See the latest research news from the centers at the WPI News Portal: WPI program site: About Kanazawa UniversityAs the leading comprehensive university on the Sea of Japan coast, Kanazawa University has contributed greatly to higher education and academic research in Japan since it was founded in 1949. The University has three colleges and 17 schools offering courses in subjects that include medicine, computer engineering, and humanities. The University is located on the coast of the Sea of Japan in Kanazawa, a city rich in history and culture. The city of Kanazawa has a highly respected intellectual profile since the time of the fiefdom (1598-1867). Kanazawa University is divided into two main campuses: Kakuma and Takaramachi for its approximately 10,200 students, including 600 from View original content: SOURCE Kanazawa University
