Latest news with #Odysseus
Yahoo
4 days ago
- General
- Yahoo
Ancient Greek inscriptions point to the ‘Sanctuary of Odysseus'
Archeologists have been exploring the historical origins behind Homer's The Odyssey for decades, if not centuries. As is the case for many of the world's poetic epics, at least some evidence suggests that the long-suffering protagonist was partially based on an actual individual. Even if The Odyssey's hero Odysseus never actually existed, excavation sites indicate people turned to him as a source of inspiration for thousands of years—even going so far as to sometimes worship him. The newest finds to shed light on both Odysseus and his followers come from his home island of Ithaca, at what's known as the Agios Athanasios–School of Homer. An announcement on June 9 from the Greek Ministry of Culture cites the discovery of a rare underground spring cistern dating to the 14th–13th centuries BCE, during the Mycenaean palatial period. According to archeologists, the settlement at the School of Homer likely functioned as a hub for supervising surrounding ports and lands while protecting the area's rich water resources. It's just one of a network of 7 to 8 sites dotting northwest Ithaca that appear to collectively define the major urban center described by Homer in The Odyssey. While archeologists still can't definitively point to Odysseus' existence, additional discoveries in the form of two late Hellenistic inscriptions illustrate the mythological figure's importance, which eventually contributed to his local veneration. The first is ΟΔΥCCEOC, the Greek genitive (i.e. possessive or attributive) case of Odysseus which suggests a writer referring to the location as the hero's palace or temple. The second iteration, ΟΔΥCCEI, is found on a dedicatory inscription possibly created by a visiting pilgrim. These correspond to a similar etching discovered at Ithaca's nearby Polis Bay cave site during the 1930s that reads 'ΕΥΧΗΝ ΟΔΥCCΕΙ,' or 'Thanks, Odysseus.' Combined with multiple ritual artifacts and a small bronze bust of the Homeric hero, it's clear the area remained a major 'sanctuary' dedicated to the legendary figure for centuries. 'The complex is characterized by robust structures on terraces, incorporating impressive elements of carved architecture, as well as niches for votive offerings or inscriptions, which testify to the intensive cultic use,' explained the Greek Ministry of Culture. Interestingly, even more recent finds at the School of Homer appear to predate the Odyssean pilgrimage site by thousands of years. The famous ruins' previously oldest artifacts dated back to the Bronze Age Mycenaean period around the 14th and 13th centuries BCE. Now, flint tools and pottery shards indicate that the earliest known human activity at the stone complex is traceable all the way to the Final Neolithic period (late 5th to 4th millennium BCE). Taken altogether, it appears that the site's importance and cultural significance extended back into the annals of time—even further than the mythical, ill-fated voyage of Odysseus.
Euronews
4 days ago
- Science
- Euronews
Lessons from the past: Study links Homer's school with the Odysseum
New important data on the historical and cultural evolution of Ithaca has emerged from the University of Ioannina research at the archaeological site known as Homer's School since the start of the 19th century. Located in the northern part of the island, Agios Athanasios, has as its core a large rock formation at the foot of the village of Exogi, in a green area full of water springs. The excavated antiquities are located on two mounds, which are connected by two carved staircases. The remnant of a Hellenistic tower (3rd century BC) dominates Ano Andiros, while most of Kato Andiros is occupied by a large rectangular building. The earliest evidence of human activity at the site now dates back to the Final Neolithic phase (late 5th/4th millennium BC). They include, among other things, several dozens of flint artefacts and a few hundred fragments of pottery. As far as the Bronze Age evidence is concerned, a few dozen fragments from around 30 different vases from the late 14th and 13th centuries BC have been identified so far. Of great interest is the intact underground fountain/tank on the site, with eccentric boulder walls, one of the few known of its kind. Based on its shape, its structural features and the discovery of Late Mycenaean cylinder fragments inside it, its dating to the Mycenaean paleolithic phase seems highly probable, as previous researchers have argued. The Mycenaean settlement at Homer's School probably functioned to supervise the ports and lands and to protect and manage the rich water resources of the area. As far as the historical periods are concerned, the maximum volume of ceramic material dates back to the Hellenistic and early Roman period (up to the 1st/2nd century AD). Among the total number of sherds of large vessels, 8 fragments of perianths common in sanctuaries have been identified so far. In addition to a number of small objects, the groups of finds include: a total of 34, so far, fragments of clay votive offerings, a few dozen clay agnitha, a small hoard of gold jewellery and other, mainly bronze, jewellery and objects. More than 100 coins of various cities (3rd century BC to 2nd century AD) reveal a flow of visitors to the site. From the ongoing work of sorting and cleaning (where appropriate) thousands of fragments of Hellenistic/Early Roman roof tiles, 14 examples of sealed tiles with Greek and Latin inscriptions have been identified. Recent processing of the material has yielded a sample which preserves a seal of major importance, with the name [OD]YCCEOC (in the general) to the left. Another fragment shows an incised dedicatory inscription, with the name probably in the dative, perhaps of a pilgrim: ODYC[CEI Regarding interpretation of the complex, the findings of W. Vollgraff's excavation (of 1904) at Upper Andros were taken into account. Of these, some are from the late Roman period, among them a miniature bronze bust with the features of Odysseus, according to the attribution of his figure in Greco-Roman art, but also in the bronze coins of Ithaca of the 4th-3rd century BC. The flourishing function of the building complex is placed in the Hellenistic to early/medium Roman times (up to the 1st/2nd century AD). The ensemble is characterised by robust structures on dandera, incorporating impressive elements of carved architecture, as well as niches for votive offerings or inscriptions, which testify to the intensive cult use of Kato Andiros. The Hellenistic monumental complex can now be linked with certainty with the Odyssey of Ithaca, and with the existence of a sanctuary/hero of Odysseus, which is mentioned, together with related games, in a resolution of about 207 BC from Magnesia in Asia Minor. The character of Odysseus and his exact position in relation to the games have been the subject of fruitful scholarly debate since the 1930s. Now, about a century after the discovery of the engraved dedicatory inscription EYCHIN ODYCCEI on a fragment of a Late Hellenistic clay mask from the Cave of the Bay of Polis, two new inscriptional testimonies have been found from of the same period (ODYCCEOC and ODYCCEI). The evidence, along with other available data, suggests the development of a prominent public complex at the site that played a major role in the religious, social and possibly political life of the Ithacans of Hellenistic-early Roman times, but also with a wider pilgrimage character. "The Municipal Authority, in cooperation with the Ministry of Culture, the Ephorate of Antiquities of Kefalonia-Ithaca and the University of Ioannina will make every possible effort to protect and promote the findings, with respect to our cultural heritage", says the announcement of the municipality. "At the same time, the organization of scientific and informative events is planned, in order to give citizens and visitors the opportunity to be informed about the importance of these discoveries. Ithaca continues to inspire and surprise us. Its land speaks and reminds us of the priceless value of our history and tradition", the statement concludes. Staff at the Louvre, the world's most-visited museum and a global symbol of art, have cited an 'emergency meeting' of senior officials but offered no explanation or timeline for reopening. Some frustrated ticket-holders gave up and left, creating a false impression that the line was moving. 'It's the Mona Lisa moan out here,' said Kevin Ward, 62, from Milwaukee, one of thousands of confused visitors corralled into unmoving lines beneath I.M. Pei's glass pyramid. 'Thousands of people waiting, no communication, no explanation. I guess even she needs a day off.' It's a rare thing for the Louvre to close its doors to the public. It has happened during war, during the pandemic, and in a brief 2019 staff strike - but never quite like this: with tourists lining the plaza, tickets in hand, and no clear sense of why the world's most famous museum had simply stopped. As of midday, there was no official evacuation or further information from the museum. A message posted on the museum's website said: 'Due to strikes in France, the museum may open later and some exhibition rooms may remain closed. We thank you for your understanding."
Telegraph
5 days ago
- Telegraph
Forget Greece, head to Italy for an island-hopping adventure this summer
In my opinion, Greece, although beautiful, has too many islands. Choosing which one to visit is nearly impossible, the ferries are complicated, and holidays on the Aegean or Ionian too often turn into a sweaty tangle of logistics and are beset by the paralysis of indecision. By comparison, the lesser-known off the north-west coast of Sicily, with turquoise waters, rugged beaches and lashings of gelato, makes for an easier alternative. With straightforward ferries and only three of five islands open to visitors, the paradox of choice is eliminated. Here's our guide to visiting. Favignana Favignana is the largest island and, according to some, is where the Greek hero Odysseus came to hunt goats. Today it's highly prized among Sicilians, who jaunt over for weekend breaks from nearby Palermo. A 30-minute hydrofoil boat trip from the port of Trapani, it's geographically close to Sicily, but Favignana is worlds apart – life simply slows down here. Dimora Cala del Pozzo, hidden down a lane on the quieter west coast, makes for an excellent base to explore the island. An old farmhouse converted into a boutique hotel, the setting is serene and elegant. Handsomely furnished rooms are sound-tracked by the sea beyond, and a lavish breakfast is hosted in the cactus garden, including local ingredients from the family's organic farm. Locals advise checking the direction of the wind before choosing the best coves for swimming. Cala Trapanese is recommended, where the rocks form a natural swimming pool with views of Sicily across the water. Inland, visit the Garden of the Impossible to discover another link to the Odyssey myth. A spiky green plant that looks a bit like a cactus is, according to local guidebooks, apparently the plant that Circe used to turn Odysseus's men into pigs. Islanders were once sceptical about the feasibility of the botanical garden, which was created in a series of abandoned quarry pits. Today it's a peaceful oasis of tumbling vines, rare trees and plants, and includes an exhibition of sculptures by a local artist. Use the guidebook to explore (it's superior to the audio alternative). Favignana's history of quarrying has shaped the landscape of the island, and the exoskeleton of abandoned quarries forms architectural rock pools along the shoreline. Spot golden-brown Moray eels lurking in the pools at Scalo Cavallo, or visit Bue Marino, one of the former quarries, and explore the deep waters at one of the island's best snorkelling locations. Insider tip The best way to explore the island is by bicycle – try GAC rental shop. Beaches are mostly rocky, but Lido Burrone has white sand and is perfect for children. Where to eat Hotel Aegusa serves good pasta dishes on a pretty outdoor terrace. For something more high-end end try Sotto Sale or Quello che c'è...c'è! For pizza, visit Cala Bianca. Where to shop Bottega Camparia – a chic boutique with an expertly curated selection of fashion and homeware; Salvatore Aleo 's jewellery shop has pieces to suit a range of budgets; try Borinda Sanna for handmade ceramics. Where to stay In high season, it's quieter to stay outside the main village (Favignana Town), but you'll need to ensure you have bike lights to cycle back after dinner. Dimora Cala del Pozzo has doubles from £279/€330 per night, including breakfast, in high season. Its sister hotel Dimora Della Olivastro offers doubles from £261/€310 per night, including breakfast. Weekends in summer are especially busy – book in advance or plan your stay for the weekdays. Marettimo The most remote island in the archipelago, Marettimo, has also been linked to Homer's The Odyssey. Samuel Butler, a Victorian novelist, put forward a theory that this island was the inspiration for Ithaca – an exhibition is planned for later this year, which will showcase his photographs at the local museum. The island is an ideal place for hiking, and there are roughly 10 marked trails to choose from. A popular route leads up to the tiny Byzantine church, set like a jewel on a cliff facing out to sea, next to the ruins of a Roman house. For a longer walk, continue to reach Pizzo Falcone (the highest peak) and return from Portella Madonnuzza via the Punta Troia Castle (now a lovely museum) and back to the village. There are more than 500 different species of plants here, some of which are endemic to the island and scents of thyme and rosemary infuse the air as you walk. But the sea surrounding Marettimo is also a draw. The Aegadian Islands are protected by the largest marine reserve in Europe, and the scuba diving around Marettimo is particularly good thanks to its crystal clear waters. If you're extremely lucky, you might even spot a monk seal. Insider tip For a unique perspective, take a boat to see the island's caves – accessible only on the water. Tours by Pippo come highly recommended. Where to eat Pizzeria Hiera is one of the oldest restaurants on the island, and is practically an institution. Maria, now in her seventies, served delightful antipasto, including a miniature arancine made with cuttlefish ink and pistachio. Where to shop Local artist Massimo Pironi makes ceramics in his home studio – find him near Caffe Tramontana, where he sells pieces inspired by the island, the sea and the mountain. Where to stay La Tartaruga B&B – double rooms cost from £85/€100 in high season, including breakfast, with a three-night minimum stay. There are also plenty of apartments for rent; The Thinking Traveller has a villa on the island. Levanzo This tiny sparkling island is so pretty that it looks like a Hollywood set designer built it for a movie. Measuring just 2.25 square miles and with only three restaurants and a handful of beaches, Levanzo is known for its off-grid vibes. However, according to local reports, the Prada family own two houses here. Most people visit to look at the cave paintings at Grotta del Genovese, which date from both the Palaeolithic and Neolithic eras. Reserve in advance (guided tours cost £35/€42 for adults and £25/€30 for children) – there's quite a steep trail down to the cave, which can only be reached on foot. After seeing the cave paintings, it's worth strolling around the island. Cala Faraglione on the south-west coast, about 30 minutes' walk from the port, is the island's most picture-perfect beach, complete with a tiny island (technically a rock stack) floating offshore. End the day with a relaxing glass of Sicilian wine at one of the island's restaurants by the harbour before catching the last boat back to Favignana. Inside tip Cala Minnola is one of the nicest beaches for swimming Where to eat Try the pasta con gamberi at Bar Romano, an absurdly picturesque restaurant which juts out over the harbour with views of Favignana in the distance. Where to shop Mannaraò offers a selection of handmade jewellery and other delights. Where to stay Dolcevita Egadi Resort is a new hotel set a short walk from the port on a breezy terrace – rooms are simple and there's a swimming pool. Double rooms cost £321/€380 in high season, including breakfast, with a five-night minimum stay. How to get there Ryanair flies from London to Trapani in the summer months. Alternatively, fly to Palermo, take a bus to Trapani (about one hour) and hop on the Hydrofoil from Trapani port (30 to 45 minutes). There are regular boats between the islands but make sure you prebook tickets in high season Laura Coffey was a guest of Hotel Dimora Cala Del Pozzo.
Los Angeles Times
13-06-2025
- Entertainment
- Los Angeles Times
Book review: 'The Odyssey'
The epic The Odyssey , written by Homer, is what philosophers call 'canonical' or 'classic' pieces of literature due to its prevalent lessons and moral displayed between the two main characters, Telemachus and his father, Odysseus. After Odysseus disappears during war, Telemachus has his house infested with suitors after his mother, Penelope. However, in the hopes of restoring his home, he quests to find his long lost father, despite all opposing circumstances. Conversely, Odysseus had not only lost the war, but was forced to vacate an island with a goddess, of which refused to release him. However, due to the heavy influence of Athena, Odysseus is set free to travel home, but with many obstacles in his way. This epic showcases many relevant and necessary ideas of how morals heavily influence our daily lives, but also displays the necessity and courage it takes to be a leader. The Odyssey has stood the test of time, and yet still teaches the adolescents of today's world. I believe this epic teaches the concept of what real leadership looks like, as Odysseus and Telemachus were both faced with many difficult situations, with many lives at stake, including their own. However, I felt as if it also displayed the humanity in all leaders, as both these men made careless and arrogant errors, causing loss and defeat in the book. It teaches readers that everyone is human, and there is no such thing as a perfect, all-time winning leader. I enjoyed the constant twist in action, setting, and backstory with each and every character, as each individual has his or her own storyline behind them. It was intriguing to listen in to what each character had to say and their past. Additionally, I enjoyed the constant anticipation of each major plot point, as everytime I suspected a cliche win, or predicted something, it either was way off or never ended up happening. It was quite suspenseful, as this was a book that was not afraid of displaying constant loss and grief. Although there is a lot to enjoy about this book, there are only a few things that I found to be perplexing. There were lots of unnecessary comments and characters throughout the book, and keeping track of their relevance and appearances was rather difficult, not to mention their similar Greek/Roman names. The random interferences of the Greek gods I also found to be annoying, despite their extreme influence and relevance in the book. Ultimately, I found the gods to be the main antagonists, however, many would disagree for various reasons. I would strongly recommend any young adolescent to read this epic, as it teaches many important lessons of leadership and humanity. With social media and the reliance on others becoming much too common, this epic displays raw, untainted ideas of leadership, and paints a perfect picture for readers to connect humanity and power, which are very related yet often isolated from each other when power is obtained. Juveniles would greatly benefit from reading this canonical piece, as leadership seems to be a legendary trait, which negatively impacts our future. Related
Scotsman
12-06-2025
- Entertainment
- Scotsman
The Odyssey: The full cast for Christopher Nolan's Greek epic
With filming for The Odyssey now well under way, it is clear that one way director Christopher Nolan is hoping to impress audiences is with its all star cast. As Odysseus, Matt Damon will lead the huge ensemble cast which Nolan has assembled to bring the Greek epic to life. The American actor, who has worked with the director twice before, will be joined by stars including Anne Hathaway, Tom Holland, Zendaya and many, many more. Considering Nolan's penchant for recruiting those he has previously worked with, several cast members have appeared in his earlier films such as Elliot Page and Robert Pattinson, as well as Josh Stewart whose role in The Odyssey marks his fourth time working with the director. Set for release next year, the fantasy film adapts Homer's epic poem which follows the tumultuous journey of Greek champion Odysseus as he returns home after the Trojan War. It is Nolan's first film since the release of Oppenheimer, which won Best Picture at the 96th Academy Awards, and reportedly his most expensive yet. Filming began earlier this year, with crews spotted at Findlater Castle in Moray earlier this month. The castle, which is located along the Moray Firth, will be closed to the public until July 25. Without further ado, here is The Odyssey cast in full – including who they are rumoured to play. 1 . Matt Damon — Odysseus Matt Damon will lead the all-star cast as Odysseus, the legendary Greek king of Ithaca. It is Damon's third time appearing in a Christopher Nolan film, though it will be his first leading role for the director. | AFP via Getty Images Photo Sales 2 . Anne Hathaway Rumoured to be playing Penelope, Odysseus' wife, Anne Hathaway's role in The Odyssey marks her third appearance in a Nolan film, having previously starred in The Dark Knight Rises and Interstellar. | Getty Images Photo Sales 3 . Tom Holland Spider-Man actor Tom Holland is also set to star and it is believed he will play Telemachus, Odysseus' son – though there has been no confirmation of this. Outside of the Marvel universe, Holland has appeared in films including The Impossible, The Lost City of Z, The Devil All the Time, Uncharted and more. | Getty Images Photo Sales 4 . Zendaya American actress Zendaya will also appear in The Odyssey in an unconfirmed role. Much like her real-life partner Holland, it will be her first time appearing in a Nolan film following her performances in projects such as Dune and Challengers. | Getty Images Photo Sales Related topics: FilmOppenheimerZendayaMoray
