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Business Recorder
15 hours ago
- Business
- Business Recorder
Petroleum products: Senate body rejects Rs2.50/litre carbon levy
ISLAMABAD: The Senate Standing Committee on Finance and Revenue with majority vote rejected the carbon levy of Rs2.5 per litre on petroleum products proposed in the Finance Bill 2025-26, from which the government has projected to generate a revenue of Rs45 billion. Under the ongoing International Monetary Fund (IMF) programme for Resilience and Sustainability Financing (RSF), the government has agreed for the imposition of the carbon levy on petrol, diesel and furnace oil of Rs5 per litre, which will be phased in over two years. The Federal Board of Revenue (FBR) chairman said that revenue from carbon levy would be increased to Rs90 billion in 2026-27. The levy is a condition of the IMF's RSF programme of $ 1.4 billion. This levy will be imposed on petrol, diesel and furnace oil. Aurangzeb tells Senate body: Govt eyes $2bn loan to boost reserves The parliamentary panel chaired by Senator Saleem Mandviwalla, observed that carbon levy could not implemented through finance bill. The committee observed that the way carbon levy is going to be impose was not correct and rather it should come as carbon tax. The committee also underlined that Petroleum Division has proposed Rs2.5 carbon levy without providing sustainable 'Emission Reduction' plan for the environment. Senator Sherry Rehman opposing the levy said that there is difference between the carbon levy and carbon tax. 'There is no place in the world where carbon levy been imposed but carbon tax used to be enforced'. Sherry Rehman said that carbon taxes been enforced over specific industries with an aim. 'You are imposing all types of levies and that also directly over the public users,' she added. 'It requires an act of law and not enforced with the finance bill,' she added. Senator Mohsin Aziz said that the Supreme Court has restrained imposition of carbon levy in Zafar Iqbal Jhagra case. 'It will be contempt of the court if carbon levy is imposed', he added. After debate the carbon levy was rejected by the government with majority vote. The FBR chairman said that tax on hybrid vehicles is not being increased. The committee also raised questions on the proposed amendment in regulation of Generation, Transmission and Distribution of Electric Power Act 1997 agreed with IMF. According to the proposed amendment, the Debt Service Surcharge (DSS) is currently set at 10 percent of the NEPRA-determined revenue requirement, adjusted each year at the time of annual rebasing, per current practice. In the event that DSS revenues fall short of the annual payment requirement, the DSS will be increased to make up for the shortfall and calibrated per any anticipated future shortfalls in the succeeding year. To facilitate this, NEPRA has proposed to adopt legislation to remove the 10 percent. Discussing the power sector initiative for payment of circular debt through refinancing, NEPRA officials stated that, as of now, Rs3.23 per unit is being charged to consumers. However, NEPRA proposed removal of 10 percent cap limit, as it would help in obtaining necessary refinancing needed for the payment of power sector's circular debt. However, the committee objected while saying that authorities concerned wanted blanket power to increase DSS, which would result in power tariff increase for consumers. The committee decided to call minister and secretary for power to brief the committee. Chairman committee said that they need a briefing on the circular debt repayment plan. If permission is given, you will increase this rate with proposed blanket power and if there is no need to increase it, then why is permission being sought, he asked. The joint secretary took the stand that this will not happen and consumers will continue to be charged Rs3.23 per unit. Senator Sherry Rehman opposed it and said that this cannot be allowed. The joint secretary said that there is a 10 percent service surcharge limit and IMF has demanded that the limit on debt service surcharge be removed. The government will use the surcharge to pay off a debt of Rs1,275 billion. The surcharge is used to pay interest on the circular debt. Currently, a debt service surcharge of Rs3.23 per unit is being charged from consumers, he added. Senator Shibli Faraz said that if the levy money is being spent on roads, what would happen to combating climate change. The prime minister says that the funds will be spent on the roads of Balochistan. The government should first determine its priorities, he added. The committee took exception to certain clauses of 'Public Finance Management Act' allowing autonomous bodies to retain money and submit surplus profit into Public account. The committee called for rationalisation of these clauses, as it would only result in financial irregularities. The committee was briefed on the exemptions provided to businesses located in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa and newly-merged districts. It was informed that the exemptions for cinema operators have been limited to 2030, granting five years exemptions from the date of operations. However, the FBR has extended the withholding exemption for businesses existing in erstwhile FATA till 2026. Highlighting the significance of newly introduced 'Digital Presence Proceeds Act', the FBR chairman stated that the tax has been imposed on digital platforms providing services within the country without retaining physical footprint. The FBR chairman said that a sunset clauses for SEZs and STZs are included in the finance bill. He said that IMF was stressing to limit this tax exemptions for SEZs and STZs to 2027, however after hectic efforts the deadline was extended to 2035. The committee recommended the proposal. The committee also gave its nod to the budgetary proposals of tax on pension income exceeding Rs10 million for individuals under the age of 70. The committee recommended a proposal of the Federation of All Pakistan Universities Academic Staff Associations (FAPUASA) for continuation of 25 percent tax rebate. FAPUASA representatives strongly asserted that this rebate is an essential incentive to retain top academic talent, attract young scholars to the profession, and prevent brain drain from Pakistan's universities. Removing this rebate, they argued, would undermine academic motivation and weaken the research capacity of the country. Copyright Business Recorder, 2025
Business Recorder
2 days ago
- Business
- Business Recorder
Net-metering adds 2,813MW to power generation capacity
LAHORE: An installed capacity of 2,813MW from net-metering has resulted into an increase in Pakistan's total installed electricity generation capacity. As of July-March FY 2025, Pakistan's total installed electricity generation capacity stood at 46,605MW, reflecting a 1.6 percent increase compared to 45,888 MW recorded in the corresponding period of FY 2024. According to Economic Survey of Pakistan, the percentage shares of hydel, nuclear, renewable, and thermal are 24.4 percent, 7.8 percent, 12.2 percent, and 55.7 percent, respectively. The share of thermal power as a dominant source of electricity supply has declined over the past few years, showing an increased reliance on indigenous sources. Out of the total electricity generation of 90,145 GWh, the share of hydel, nuclear, and renewable stands at 53.7 percent. This shift marks a positive development of the economy, as the energy mix transitions away from thermal generation towards more sustainable and environmentally friendly alternatives. A number of fast track solar initiatives have been taken to reduce the impact of high prices of oil and LNG in the international markets resulting in high electricity tariffs and drain foreign exchange reserves, the government has approved the Framework Guidelines for Fast-Track solar PV Initiatives 2022 for fast-track deployment of solar PV. The framework is based on three key pillars, including substitution of expensive imported fossil fuels with Solar PV Energy, Solar PV Generation on 11kV Feeders and solarization of public buildings. For solarization of 11kV feeders, solar PV-based power generation capacity shall be procured for the substitution of expensive imported fossil fuels used for power generation. Exact quantum will be determined on approval of the IGCEP by NEPRA. For solarization of 11kV Feeders, PPIB has prepared and shared the standard RFP and Energy Purchase Agreement with all DISCOs for approval from their respective Boards. Under Public Building Solarization, PPIB has prepared model RFP documents and contract agreements to facilitate Public Sector Entities (PSEs) in the solarization of their buildings. PPIB conducted competitive bidding for 330 buildings on the Lease Purchase Model and 85 buildings on the own-cost model. PPIB is also actively engaged with several PSEs to provide technical support in the solarization of their buildings. Copyright Business Recorder, 2025
Express Tribune
2 days ago
- Business
- Express Tribune
K-P eyes NEPRA-style power authority
Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa's Adviser to Chief Minister on Finance, Muzammil Aslam, said during the budget session of the provincial assembly that real electricity relief for the province will only be possible if it generates its own electricity and supplies it directly to the public. He announced that the provincial government plans to establish its own regulatory authority, similar to the National Electric Power Regulatory Authority (NEPRA), to set power tariffs independently. Responding to lawmakers' queries during the ongoing budget debate, Aslam revealed several key initiatives. Among them is a Rs13 billion solar power project for the merged tribal districts. For the first time, oil and gas-producing districts will receive 15 per cent royalty. He emphasized that the budget discussion was a productive experience and appreciated the active participation of assembly members, noting that he attentively listened to all questions for three hours without interruption. Reflecting on Pakistan's economic trajectory, Aslam criticized the performance of mainstream political parties, stating, "Pakistan has been around for 75 years, with just two parties in power for 72 of those. Members have raised issues like poverty, lack of hospitals, and schools — but these same parties were responsible for governance for decades." He also claimed extensive expertise in national budgets, saying, "I've been analyzing federal budgets for 22 years. No budget in the world is based entirely on facts — they're all built on projections." He expressed concern that the federal government allocated only Rs550 million for Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa out of a national development budget of Rs1 trillion. Aslam criticized the PPP for not pushing for the 8th and 9th NFC Awards after the 7th, and defended PTI leader Barrister Saif, saying, "Questions were raised in the House about Barrister Saif, but I want to clarify that he is a trusted ally of PTI." Speaking on counter-terrorism funding, he stated that the 1 per cent share from the federal government is not a favor, but a right earned through the sacrifices of the province. Aslam added that K-P receives Rs3 billion monthly from the federal government under the net hydel profit formula. Projects under the Provincial Energy Development Organization (PEDO) are expected to generate 1,000 megawatts of electricity. "The only sustainable way to provide relief in electricity costs is for the province to produce its own power and supply it directly to its people," he reiterated.
Business Recorder
7 days ago
- Business
- Business Recorder
PD uncertain on power tariff changes from July 1
ISLAMABAD: The Power Division stated on Friday that it currently has no definitive estimate of whether electricity tariffs for distribution companies (Discos) will increase or decrease from July 1, 2025, as this depends on the approval of cost components already submitted to the regulator. These remarks were made by Additional Secretary (Power Finance) Mehfooz Bhatti during a public hearing on the interim distribution and supply tariffs of eight Discos for FY 2025-26 under the Multi-Year Tariff (MYT) regime. The statement came in response to a query raised by textile sector representative Aamir Sheikh. Eight Discos—GEPCO, QESCO, MEPCO, SEPCO, HESCO, PESCO, TESCO, and HAZECO—have submitted tariff petitions under the MYT framework for the five-year period from FY 2025-26 to FY 2029-30, seeking National Electric Power Regulatory Authority (NEPRA)'s approval of a combined revenue requirement exceeding Rs 455.6 billion for the upcoming fiscal year. 'I have no indication at all of what the industry tariff will be from July 1, 2025,' said Aamir Sheikh. 'Our tariff for B3 has dropped to Rs 31/32 (about 11 cents) per unit currently, and the government has committed to reducing it further. We have already booked export orders for the next quarter based on these rates. It's imperative for NEPRA, the Power Division, and the Government of Pakistan to ensure tariffs do not increase beyond May/June levels.' The hearing was briefly suspended by NEPRA Chairman Waseem Mukhtar, who demanded representation from a senior Power Division official. Mehfooz Bhatti eventually joined the session, replacing the Joint Secretary, whose presence NEPRA deemed insufficient. Bhatti, who liaises directly with the Finance Division on power sector subsidies, appeared uncertain regarding the projected tariff changes. 'There is an indication of Rs 250 billion in the budget for Targeted Distribution Subsidy (TDS) for 2025-26. We've already presented seven scenarios to the Regulator. Once the distribution margins are determined under MYT, we'll be in a better position to outline consumer tariffs after incorporating the government's subsidy. At this point, I can't provide figures, but rebasing will take effect from July 1, 2025,' he said. The Federation of Pakistan Chambers of Commerce and Industry (FPCCI) strongly opposed any additional financial burden on consumers for the losses incurred by Discos under the MYT, until comprehensive reforms are implemented. The FPCCI argued that the burden of inefficiencies—including high technical and commercial losses, pension liabilities, and poor governance—is being unfairly transferred to consumers. Rehan Jawed from Karachi raised concerns about the poor performance of Hyderabad Electric Supply Company (HESCO), prompting NEPRA to announce that a verification team will visit HESCO upcoming Monday to investigate consumer complaints. Tanveer Barry of the Karachi Chamber of Commerce and Industry (KCCI) criticized Discos for rising losses due to operational inefficiencies, stating that consumers across Pakistan are unfairly burdened with the DSS surcharge on Power Holding Limited (PHL) loans. 'Discos' technical and commercial losses are worsening, and their recoveries fall short of NEPRA's targets. They haven't submitted investment and distribution plans, and the MYT submissions are incomplete,' Barry said. He emphasized that with power generation capacity projected to increase to 46,605 MW, resulting in higher capacity payments, the Time of Use (ToU) mechanism for industrial consumers should be abolished. He also called for third-party audits of Disco losses to present an accurate picture to NEPRA. CEOs and CFOs of the eight Discos presented details of their proposed distribution margins and expenditures. According to the tariff petition, GEPCO has sought approval of revenue requirement of Rs 67.821 billion of which Rs 16.598 billion is on account of pay & and allowances, Rs 13.815 billion post-retirement benefits, other expenses Rs 4.909 billion (total O&M cost Rs 43.446 billion), depreciation Rs 4.792 billion, RORB Rs 8.750 billion and other income negative Rs 5.418 billion other income and Prior Year Adjustment (PYA) Rs 24.375 billion. MEPCO has sought NEPRA's approval for revenue requirement of Rs 139.106 billion of which, pay and allowances are Rs 22.302 billion, post-retirement benefits Rs 29.384 billion, repair and maintenance, Rs 7.869 billion, travelling allowance Rs 1.936 billion, vehicles maintenance, Rs 1.161 billion, other expenses Rs 507 million (total O&M cost Rs 79.653 billion), depreciation Rs 4.792 billion, RORB Rs 8.750 billion, other income negative Rs 8.731 billion and Prior Year Adjustment Rs 79.453 billion. QESCO's total proposed revenue requirement for FY 2025-26 is Rs 50.120 billion which includes, pay and allowances Rs 9.947 billion, post-retirement benefits, Rs 3.044 billion, repair and maintenance, Rs1.496 billion, travelling allowance, Rs 1.936 billion, vehicles maintenance, Rs 797 billion, other expenses Rs 1.356 billion, (total) O&M cost Rs 17.100 billion), depreciation, Rs 2.944 billion, RORB Rs 15.696 billion, other income negative Rs 1.950 billion and PYA Rs 16.298 billion. SEPCO has sought total revenue requirement of Rs 58.053 billion, of which O&M cost is Rs 22.226 billion, Distribution Margin/Supply Margin, Rs 25.3032 billion, PYA Rs 25.522 billion. TESCO's revenue requirement for FY 2025-26 is estimated to be Rs 7.303 billion of which Rs O& M expense is Rs3.883 billion and DM/SM Rs 5.629 billion. PESCO's total revenue requirement for FY 2025-26 is Rs 81.449 billion which includes O&M expense Rs 37 billion, DM/ SM- Rs 52 billion and PYA Rs 29.344 billion. Hazara Electric Supply Company (HAZECO) which has been bifurcated from PESCO also presented its one-year revenue requirement. HESCO's total revenue requirement for FY 2205-26 is Rs 39.448 billion of which O& M expense is Rs 25.130 billion, DM/SM Rs 33.693 billion and PYA Rs 5.755 billion. HESCO's total revenue requirement is Rs 12.320 billion for the FY 2025-26, which includes O&M Rs 7.883 billion, depreciation, Rs 831 million, RORB Rs 3.028 billion, advance tax Rs 1.129 billion and other income negative Rs 550 million. Copyright Business Recorder, 2025
Express Tribune
12-06-2025
- Business
- Express Tribune
'Over $100b needed for carbon-neutral energy sector'
Listen to article Pakistan is transitioning away from fossil fuels at a faster pace than many regional economies, with plans to generate 60% of its energy from renewable sources by 2030 to meet its emissions reduction targets. According to global data compiled by the Energy Institute, the share of fossil fuels in Pakistan's total energy consumption declined by 4.8 percentage points from 86.7% in 2019 to 81.9% in 2023. In comparison, the average decline in fossil fuel usage among low- and middle-income countries during the same period was just 0.8 percentage points (from 90.8% to 90.0%). Further, recent data released by the National Electric Power Regulatory Authority (NEPRA) reveals that clean energy sources, such as hydropower, nuclear, and other renewables, contributed approximately 54% to the country's energy mix last month. The government's move away from furnace oil, the most expensive source of power, is evident, as it accounted for only 1% of the energy mix in April. These figures show that, despite macroeconomic challenges, Pakistan currently holds a relatively cleaner energy mix compared to other Asian and low- and middle-income countries. Neighbouring countries like China and India generate approximately 61% and 75% of their electricity from coal, respectively. In contrast, Thar coal contributes only 13% to Pakistan's energy mix and has played a key role in ensuring grid reliability and affordability. "The energy baseload of Pakistan should be based on indigenous sources of Thar along with renewables to ensure affordability and mitigate geopolitical shocks. Developing economies, including Pakistan, require a balanced transition to renewable energy. Fossil fuels are crucial for short- to medium-term energy stability," said Asif Arslan Soomro, an independent economic and investment analyst. He added that balancing environmental goals with economic stability is crucial, as an abrupt shift from fossil fuels could disrupt growth and strain an already fragile economy. The energy transition will involve enhancing or transforming the entire energy system, and this significant investment relates to the development and upgradation of infrastructure, such as hydropower plants and transmission systems, as well as the phase-out of existing fossil fuel-based power plants. Pakistan requires over $100 billion in investment to transition to a carbon-neutral energy sector, with $50 billion needed to achieve its 60% renewable energy target by 2030, according to the climate ministry. Soomro noted that Pakistan has been ranked as the most vulnerable country to climate change in the Climate Risk Index (CRI) 2025 report, despite contributing less than 1% to global greenhouse gas emissions. "Even though its climate impact remains negligible, Pakistan has committed to unconditionally reduce its overall projected emissions by 15% by 2030. We have also committed to reduce emissions by a further 35%, conditional on the availability of required external financing," he added.
