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More strong drilling results to feed into coming resource update
Chibougamau Copper-Gold Project, Canada Results such as 4.4% CuEq over 9.1m at the Project's flagship Corner Bay deposit; These follow the recent high-grade results at the nearby Golden Eye prospect HIGHLIGHTS: Latest infill results from Corner Bay demonstrate continuous high-grade mineralisation: 9.1m @ 4.4% CuEq (4.1% Cu, 0.3g/t Au & 14.4g/t Ag) (CB-25-118) Including 3.4m @ 7.6% CuEq (7.0% Cu, 0.4g/t Au & 24.9g/t Ag) 5.8m @ 5.3% CuEq (4.4% Cu, 0.8g/t Au & 28.1g/t Ag) (CB-25-122) 2.8m @ 5.0% CuEq (4.6% Cu, 0.4g/t Au & 14.6g/t Ag) (CB-25-119) 2.8m @ 4.1% CuEq (3.8% Cu, 0.2g/t Au & 16.3g/t Ag) (CB-25-120) These results highlight the strong potential to grow the Indicated Resource as part of the upcoming Mineral Resource update on the Chibougamau Project (the 'Project'), which is scheduled for completion in the September quarter The current Corner Bay Indicated Resource is 2.7Mt at 2.9% CuEq and the Inferred Resource is 5.9Mt at 3.6% CuEq1 Infill drilling is almost complete on the shallowest parts of the Corner Bay deposit; this area is expected to help underpin the early part of any production schedule at the Project The Corner Bay results follow the recently announced high-grade assays from the Golden Eye prospect (see ASX release dated 10 June 2025), where Cygnus expects to complete an initial resource to be included in the overall Project Mineral Resource update The current total Mineral Resource for the Project is comprised of Measured and Indicated Resources of 3.6Mt at 3% CuEq and Inferred Resources of 7.2Mt at 3.8% CuEq1 Early engineering studies and permitting are underway The Project has a significant head start as a copper-gold development opportunity with well-established infrastructure including a 900,000tpa processing facilityTORONTO and PERTH, Australia, June 16, 2025 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) -- Cygnus Metals Limited (ASX: CY5; TSXV: CYG; OTCQB: CYGGF) ('Cygnus' or the 'Company') is pleased to announce infill results from Corner Bay as the Company continues to execute its resource growth and conversion strategy at the Chibougamau Copper-Gold Project in Quebec. The recent results are from infill drilling on the upper main vein, which will likely be scheduled into the early part of the potential production profile of the Project. Recent results include significant intersections of: 9.1m @ 4.4% CuEq (4.1% Cu, 0.3g/t Au & 14.4g/t Ag) (CB-25-118); Including 3.4m @ 7.6% CuEq (7.0% Cu, 0.4g/t Au & 24.9g/t Ag); 5.8m @ 5.3% CuEq (4.4% Cu, 0.8g/t Au & 28.1g/t Ag) (CB-25-122); 2.8m @ 5.0% CuEq (4.6% Cu, 0.4g/t Au & 14.6g/t Ag) (CB-25-119); and 2.8m @ 4.1% CuEq (3.8% Cu, 0.2g/t Au & 16.3g/t Ag) (CB-25-120). These results will be incorporated in the upcoming Mineral Resource update as Cygnus seeks to convert Inferred Resources to Indicated Resources, with recent results reconciling well against the current block model. The Mineral Resource upgrade at Corner Bay is being completed in conjunction with new resource growth prospects such as Golden Eye. These are aimed at growing the current global resource, which stands at a Measured and Indicated Resource of 3.6Mt at 3% CuEq and Inferred Resources of 7.2Mt at 3.8% CuEq.1 The global Mineral Resource update for the Project is expected in Q3 2025, targeting both resource growth and conversion. With work on the resource well advanced, Cygnus is also progressing the Project along the pathway to development, in line with its value creation strategy. This work includes early geotechnical studies across potential development sites as well as advancing long-lead permitting items. This work aims to streamline and accelerate future study work. The Chibougamau area has well-established infrastructure giving the Project a significant head start as a copper-gold development opportunity. This infrastructure includes a 900,000tpa processing facility, local mining town, sealed highway, airport, regional rail infrastructure and 25kV hydro power to the processing site. Significantly, the Chibougamau processing facility is the only base metal processing facility within a 250km radius which includes a number of other advanced copper and gold projects. Figure 1: Drill core from CB-25-118 with 4.4% CuEq over 9.1m from 545m, including a high grade interval of 7.6% CuEq over 3.4m. Showing style and high-grade tenor of mineralisation at Corner Bay. Ongoing Drilling Cygnus is continuing its dual track strategy of resource growth and conversion. Work is in progress to generate additional drill targets surrounding the current high-grade copper-gold resource which can be targeted through low-risk brownfield exploration. Such work includes ongoing data compilation which is playing a significant role in unlocking this historic district. Figure 2: Location of Corner Bay recent infill drill results. Corner Bay is the primary resource at the Chibougamau Project withan Indicated Mineral Resource of 2.7Mt at 2.9% CuEq and Inferred Mineral Resource of 5.9Mt at 3.6% CuEq. This announcement has been authorised for release by the Board of Directors of Cygnus. David Southam Ernest Mast Media: Executive Chair President & Managing Director Paul Armstrong T: +61 8 6118 1627 T: +1 647 921 0501 Read Corporate E: E: T: +61 8 9388 1474 About Cygnus Metals Cygnus Metals Limited (ASX: CY5, TSXV: CYG, OTCQB: CYGGF) is a diversified critical minerals exploration and development company with projects in Quebec, Canada and Western Australia. The Company is dedicated to advancing its Chibougamau Copper-Gold Project in Quebec with an aggressive exploration program to drive resource growth and develop a hub-and-spoke operation model with its centralised processing facility. In addition, Cygnus has quality lithium assets with significant exploration upside in the world-class James Bay district in Quebec, and REE and base metal projects in Western Australia. The Cygnus team has a proven track record of turning exploration success into production enterprises and creating shareholder value. Forward Looking Statements This release may contain certain forward-looking statements and projections regarding estimates, resources and reserves; planned production and operating costs profiles; planned capital requirements; and planned strategies and corporate objectives. Such forward looking statements/projections are estimates for discussion purposes only and should not be relied upon. They are not guarantees of future performance and involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors, many of which are beyond Cygnus' control. Cygnus makes no representations and provides no warranties concerning the accuracy of the projections and disclaims any obligation to update or revise any forward-looking statements/projections based on new information, future events or otherwise except to the extent required by applicable laws. While the information contained in this release has been prepared in good faith, neither Cygnus or any of its directors, officers, agents, employees or advisors give any representation or warranty, express or implied, as to the fairness, accuracy, completeness or correctness of the information, opinions and conclusions contained in this release. Accordingly, to the maximum extent permitted by law, none of Cygnus, its directors, employees or agents, advisers, nor any other person accepts any liability whether direct or indirect, express or limited, contractual, tortuous, statutory or otherwise, in respect of the accuracy or completeness of the information or for any of the opinions contained in this release or for any errors, omissions or misstatements or for any loss, howsoever arising, from the use of this release. End Notes The estimate of mineralisation at the Chibougamau Project is a foreign estimate prepared in accordance with CIM Standards. A competent person has not done sufficient work to classify the foreign estimate as a mineral resource in accordance with the JORC Code, and it is uncertain whether further evaluation and exploration will result in an estimate reportable under the JORC Code. Refer to Appendix C for a breakdown of the Foreign Mineral Resource Estimate. Qualified Persons and Compliance Statements The scientific and technical information in this announcement has been reviewed and approved by Mr Louis Beaupre, the Quebec Exploration Manager of Cygnus, a 'qualified person' as defined in National Instrument 43-101 – Standards of Disclosure for Mineral Projects. The Exploration Results disclosed in this announcement are also based on and fairly represent information and supporting documentation compiled by Mr Beaupre. Mr Beaupre holds options in Cygnus. Mr Beaupre is a member of the Ordre des ingenieurs du Quebec (P. Eng.), a Registered Overseas Professional Organisation as defined in the ASX Listing Rules, and has sufficient experience which is relevant to the style of mineralisation and type of deposits under consideration and to the activity which has been undertaken to qualify as a Competent Person as defined in the 2012 Edition of the 'Australasian Code for Reporting of Exploration Results, Mineral Resources and Ore Reserves'. Mr Beaupre consents to the inclusion in this release of the matters based on the information in the form and context in which they appear. The Company first announced the foreign estimate of mineralisation for the Chibougamau Project on 15 October 2024. The Company confirms that the supporting information included in the original announcement continues to apply and has not materially changed, notwithstanding the clarification announcement released by Cygnus on 28 January 2025 ('Clarification'). Cygnus confirms that (notwithstanding the Clarification) it is not aware of any new information or data that materially affects the information included in the original announcement and that all material assumptions and technical parameters underpinning the estimates in the original announcement continue to apply and have not materially changed. Cygnus confirms that it is not in possession of any new information or data that materially impacts on the reliability of the estimates or Cygnus' ability to verify the foreign estimates as mineral resources in accordance with the JORC Code. The Company confirms that the form and context in which the Competent Persons' findings are presented have not been materially modified from the original market announcement. The information in this announcement that relates to previously reported Exploration Results at the Company's projects has been previously released by Cygnus in ASX Announcements as noted in the text and End Notes. Cygnus is not aware of any new information or data that materially affects the information in these announcements. The Company confirms that the form and context in which the Competent Persons' findings are presented have not been materially modified from the original market announcements. Individual grades for the metals included in the metal equivalents calculation for the foreign estimate are in Appendix C of this release. Metal equivalents for the foreign estimate of mineralisation have been calculated at a copper price of US$8,750/t, gold price of US$2,350/oz, with copper equivalents calculated based on the formula CuEq (%) = Cu(%) + (Au (g/t) x 0.77258). Individual grades for the metals included in the metal equivalents calculation for the exploration results are in Appendices A and B of this release. Metal equivalents for exploration results have been calculated at a copper price of US$8,750/t, gold price of US$2,350/oz and silver price of US$25/oz. Copper equivalents are calculated based on the formula CuEq(%) = Cu(%) + (Au(g/t) x 0.77258)+(Ag(g/t) x 0.00822). Gold equivalents are calculated based on the formula AuEq(g/t) = Au(g/t) +(Cu(%) x 1.29436)+(Ag(g/t) x 0.01064). Metallurgical recovery factors have been applied to the metal equivalents calculations, with copper metallurgical recovery assumed at 95% and precious metal (gold and silver) metallurgical recovery assumed at 85% based upon historical production at the Chibougamau Processing Facility, and the metallurgical results contained in Cygnus' announcement dated 28 January 2025. It is the Company's view that all elements in the metal equivalents calculations in respect of the foreign estimate and exploration results have a reasonable potential to be recovered and sold. Neither TSX Venture Exchange nor its Regulation Services Provider (as that term is defined in policies of the TSX Venture Exchange) accepts responsibility for the adequacy or accuracy of this release. APPENDIX A – Significant Intersections from Infill Drilling Coordinates given in UTM NAD83 (Zone 18). Intercept lengths may not add up due to rounding to the appropriate reporting precision. Significant intersections reported above 1% CuEq over widths of greater than 1m. True width estimated to be 80% of downhole thickness. Hole ID X Y Z Azi Dip Depth From (m) To (m) Interval (m) Cu (%) Au (g/t) Ag (g/t) CuEq (%) CB-25-108 554726 5509910 398 90 -47 660 337.3 339.7 2.4 2.9 0.3 10.3 3.2 & 395.6 396.5 0.8 5.1 0.3 18.4 5.5 & 472.9 475.3 2.4 2.3 0.2 7.7 2.5 CB-25-109 554876 5509948 400 77 -54 525 184.7 186.8 2.1 3.1 0.2 13.0 3.3 CB-25-117 554721 5509892 401 108 -63 558 457.5 460.0 2.5 4.0 0.1 11.7 4.1 CB-25-118 554721 5509892 401 112 -71 648 545.0 554.1 9.1 4.1 0.3 14.4 4.4 Including 549.6 553.1 3.4 7.0 0.4 24.9 7.6 CB-25-119 554618 5510020 394 119 -57 661 573.3 576.1 2.8 4.6 0.4 14.6 5.0 CB-25-120 554618 5510020 394 108 -66 657 626.0 628.8 2.8 3.8 0.2 16.3 4.1 CB-25-121 554618 5510020 394 117 -63 659 618.2 620.3 2.0 1.9 0.3 8.8 2.2 CB-25-122 554618 5510020 394 105 -62 633 583.8 589.5 5.8 4.4 0.8 28.1 5.3 APPENDIX B – Other Intersections from Exploration Drilling around Corner Bay Coordinates given in UTM NAD83 (Zone 18). Intercept lengths may not add up due to rounding to the appropriate reporting precision. Significant intersections reported above 1% CuEq over widths of greater than 1m. True width estimated to be 80% of downhole thickness. Drill holes were a mix of infill and step outs. All infill holes hit mineralization. Hole ID X Y Z Azi Dip Depth From (m) To (m) Interval (m) Cu (%) Au (g/t) Ag (g/t) CuEq (%) CB-24-101 554757 5511009 389 80 -50 525 No Significant Intercept CB-24-102 554653 5510648 381 90 -67 954 No Significant Intercept CB-24-107 554726 5509910 400 91 -57 480 458.6 460.0 1.4 2.1 0.2 6.6 2.3 CB-25-110 554876 5509948 400 97 -48 474 264.8 267.0 2.2 1.8 0.1 5.2 1.9 CB-25-111 554920 5509857 400 103 -58 504 441.8 444.2 2.4 4.0 0.3 12.2 4.3 CB-25-112 555049 5509802 400 90 -45 303 244.7 247.4 2.7 1.1 0.0 4.3 1.1 CB-25-113 554905 5509725 400 96 -52 471 No Significant Intercept CB-25-114 554905 5509725 400 96 -63 564 No Significant Intercept CB-25-115 554876 5509948 400 120 -61 621 313.0 314.8 1.9 1.6 0.1 6.1 1.7 333.2 335.0 1.8 4.5 0.1 16.3 4.7 583.0 586.5 3.5 0.9 0.1 2.2 1.0 CB-25-116 554826 5509709 397 90 -64 645 535.0 537.9 2.9 0.8 0.1 2.4 0.9 606.3 607.5 1.2 1.3 0.1 3.9 1.5 APPENDIX C – Chibougamau Copper-Gold Project – Foreign Mineral Resource Estimate Disclosures as at 30 March 2022 Deposit Category Tonnes (k) Cu Grade (%) Au Grade (g/t) Cu Metal (kt) Au Metal (koz) CuEq Grade (%) Corner Bay (2022) Indicated 2,700 2.7 0.3 71 22 2.9 Inferred 5,900 3.4 0.3 201 51 3.6 Devlin (2022) Measured 120 2.7 0.3 3 1 2.9 Indicated 660 2.1 0.2 14 4 2.3 Measured & Indicated 780 2.2 0.2 17 5 2.4 Inferred 480 1.8 0.2 9 3 2.0 Joe Mann (2022) Inferred 610 0.2 6.8 1 133 5.5 Cedar Bay (2018) Indicated 130 1.6 9.4 2 39 8.9 Inferred 230 2.1 8.3 5 61 8.5 Total Measured & Indicated 3,600 2.5 0.6 90 66 3.0 Inferred 7,200 3.0 1.1 216 248 3.8 APPENDIX D – 2012 JORC Table 1 Section 1 Sampling Techniques and Data Criteria JORC Code explanation Commentary Sampling techniques Nature and quality of sampling (eg cut channels, random chips, or specific specialised industry standard measurement tools appropriate to the minerals under investigation, such as down hole gamma sondes, or handheld XRF instruments, etc). These examples should not be taken as limiting the broad meaning of sampling. All drilling conducted by Cygnus Metals at the Chibougamau Project was completed under the supervision of a registered professional geologist as a Qualified Person (QP) who is responsible and accountable for the planning, execution, and supervision of all exploration activity as well as the implementation of quality assurance programs and reporting. All Cygnus drilling reported is NQ size (47.8 mm diameter). Include reference to measures taken to ensure sample representativity and the appropriate calibration of any measurement tools or systems used. All sample collection, core logging, and specific gravity determinations were completed by Cygnus Metals under the supervision of a professionally qualified registered geologist. NQ core was marked for splitting during logging and is sawn using a diamond core saw with a mounted jig to assure the core is cut lengthwise into equal halves. Half of the cut core is placed in clean individual plastic bags with the appropriate sample tag. QA/QC is done in-house by Cygnus Metals geologists with oversight from the Senior Geologist. The check samples (blanks and standards – 4% of total samples with another 2% of core duplicates taken on half split core) that were inserted into the sample batches are verified against their certified values and are deemed a pass if they are within 3 standard deviations of the certified value. The duplicates are evaluated against each other to determine mineralization distribution (nugget). If there are large discrepancies in the check samples, then the entire batch is requested to be re-assayed. The samples are then placed in bags for shipment to the offsite laboratory's facility. The remaining half of the core is retained and incorporated into Cygnus's secure, core library located on the property. Aspects of the determination of mineralisation that are Material to the Public cases where 'industry standard' work has been done this would be relatively simple (eg 'reverse circulation drilling was used to obtain 1 m samples from which 3 kg was pulverised to produce a 30 g charge for fire assay'). In other cases more explanation may be required, such as where there is coarse gold that has inherent sampling problems. Unusual commodities or mineralisation types (eg submarine nodules) may warrant disclosure of detailed information. Industry standard sampling practices were used with sample lengths ranging from 0.3 m to 1.0 m and respected geological contacts. Sample tags were placed at the beginning of each sample interval and the tag numbers were recorded in an MS Excel database. Sampling practice is considered to be appropriate to the geology and style of mineralisation. Drilling techniques Drill type (eg core, reverse circulation, open-hole hammer, rotary air blast, auger, Bangka, sonic, etc) and details (eg core diameter, triple or standard tube, depth of diamond tails, face-sampling bit or other type, whether core is oriented and if so, by what method, etc). Diamond core was drilled using surface diamond rigs with industry recognised contractors Miikan Drilling. Miikan is a joint venture between Chibougamau Diamond Drilling Ltd., the First Nations community of Ouje-Bougoumou and the First Nations community of Mistissini both located in the Eeyou Istchee territory. Drilling was conducted using NQ core size. Directional surveys have been taken at 50m intervals. Drill sample recovery Method of recording and assessing core and chip sample recoveries and results taken to maximise sample recovery and ensure representative nature of the a relationship exists between sample recovery and grade and whether sample bias may have occurred due to preferential loss/gain of fine/coarse material. Diamond core recovery was measured for each run and calculated as a percentage of the drilled interval. Overall, the core recoveries are excellent in the Chibougamau area. As a result, no bias exists. Logging Whether core and chip samples have been geologically and geotechnically logged to a level of detail to support appropriate Mineral Resource estimation, mining studies and metallurgical studies. All core was geologically and geotechnically logged. Lithology, veining, alteration and mineralisation are recorded in multiple tables of the drillhole database. Whether logging is qualitative or quantitative in nature. Core (or costean, channel, etc) photography. Geological logging of core is qualitative and descriptive in nature. The total length and percentage of the relevant intersections logged. 100% of the core has been logged. Sub-sampling techniques and sample preparation If core, whether cut or sawn and whether quarter, half or all core non-core, whether riffled, tube sampled, rotary split, etc and whether sampled wet or all sample types, the nature, quality and appropriateness of the sample preparation control procedures adopted for all sub-sampling stages to maximise representivity of taken to ensure that the sampling is representative of the in-situ material collected, including for instance results for field duplicate/second-half sample sizes are appropriate to the grain size of the material being sampled. The NQ diameter the core was sawn in half following a sample cutting line determined by geologists during logging and submitted for analysis on nominal 1m intervals or defined by geological boundaries determined by the logging geologist. Each core sample is assigned a tag with a unique identifying number. Sample lengths are typically one metre but can be depending on zone mineralogy and boundaries. This sampling technique is industry standard and deemed appropriate. Sample sizes are considered appropriate to grain size of the materials being sampled. Quality of assay data and laboratory tests The nature, quality and appropriateness of the assaying and laboratory procedures used and whether the technique is considered partial or total. Sample (NQ size half core) preparation and fire assay analysis were done at Bureau Veritas Commodities Canada Ltd ('BV') in Timmins, Ontario, and ICP-ES multi-elements analysis was done at BV in Vancouver, B.C. Samples were weighed, dried, crushed to 70% passing 2 mm, split to 250 g, and pulverized to 85% passing 75 µm. Samples are fire assayed for gold (Au) (50 g) and multi-acid digestion ICP-ES finish, for 23 elements (including key elements Ag, Cu, Mo). Samples with visible gold or likely to have gold grains are analysed with metallic screen fire assay. Samples assaying >10.0 g/t Au are re-analysed with a gravimetric finish using a 50 g charge. Samples assaying >10% Cu are re-analysed with a sodium peroxide fusion with ICP-ES analysis using a 0.25 g charge. For geophysical tools, spectrometers, handheld XRF instruments, etc, the parameters used in determining the analysis including instrument make and model, reading times, calibrations factors applied and their derivation, etc. None used. Nature of quality control procedures adopted (eg standards, blanks, duplicates, external laboratory checks) and whether acceptable levels of accuracy (i.e. lack of bias) and precision have been established. At Bureau Veritas, laboratory QC procedures involve the use of internal certified reference material as assay standards, along with blanks, duplicates and replicates. Verification of sampling and assaying The verification of significant intersections by either independent or alternative company personnel. Verification of sampling was made by Cygnus Metals and other professional consultant geologists. The use of twinned holes. No hole is twinned. Documentation of primary data, data entry procedures, data verification, data storage (physical and electronic) protocols. All logging data was completed, core marked up, logging and sampling data was entered directly into the database. The logged data is stored on the site server directly. Discuss any adjustment to assay data. There was no adjustment to the assay data. Location of data points Accuracy and quality of surveys used to locate drill holes (collar and down-hole surveys), trenches, mine workings and other locations used in Mineral Resource estimation. The location of the drill holes and the aiming points for the orientation of the drill holes were indicated on the ground using identified stakes. The stakes marking the location of the drillholes were set up and located with a Garmin GPS model 'GPSmap 62s' (4m accuracy). Surveys are collected using a Reflex EZ-Shot® single-shot electronic instrument with readings collected at intervals of approximately every 30 m downhole plus a reading at the bottom of the hole. Specification of the grid system used. The grid system used is UTM NAD83 (Zone 18). Quality and adequacy of topographic control. A Digital Terrane Model (DTM) has been used to accurately plot the vertical position of the holes, which is considered to provide an adequate level of topographic control. Data spacing and distribution Data spacing for reporting of Exploration Results. The drill spacing for recent drilling is considered appropriate for this type of exploration. Due to the historic nature and mix of underground and surface drilling the drill hole spacing for historic drill results is highly variable. Whether the data spacing and distribution is sufficient to establish the degree of geological and grade continuity appropriate for the Mineral Resource and Ore Reserve estimation procedure(s) and classifications applied. No resource estimation is made. Whether sample compositing has been applied. No sample compositing has been applied. Orientation of data in relation to geological structure Whether the orientation of sampling achieves unbiased sampling of possible structures and the extent to which this is known, considering the deposit type. Recent drilling is orientated approximately at right angles to the currently interpreted strike of the known interpreted mineralisation. Due to the historic nature of the drilling the drill hole orientation for historic drill results is highly variable. If the relationship between the drilling orientation and the orientation of key mineralised structures is considered to have introduced a sampling bias, this should be assessed and reported if material. No bias is considered to have been introduced by the existing sampling orientation. Sample security The measures taken to ensure sample security. Core was placed in wooden core boxes close to the drill rig by the drilling contractor. The core was collected daily by the drilling contractor and delivered to the secure core logging facility. Access to the core logging facility is limited to Cygnus employees or designates. Audits or reviews The results of any audits or reviews of sampling techniques and data. No audits or reviews of sampling techniques or data have been undertaken, therefore information on audits or reviews is not yet available. Section 2 Reporting of Exploration Results (Criteria listed in the preceding section also apply to this section.) Criteria JORC Code Explanation Commentary Mineral tenement and land tenure status Type, reference name/number, location and ownership including agreements or material issues with third parties such as joint ventures, partnerships, overriding royalties, native title interests, historical sites, wilderness or national park and environmental settings. The data reported within this announcement is from the Chibougamau Project. The Chibougamau project consists of 3 properties which include: Copper Rand, 14,383 ha (15 mining concession and 311 exploration claims). Includes Cedar Bay, Golden Eye and Colline. Corner Bay – Devlin (1 mining license, 141 exploration claims owned 100% by CBAY and 17 claims owned 56.4% by CBAY/43.6% Pan American Silver) Joe Mann (2 mining concessions, 82 claims owned 100% by CBAY, and 68 claims and 1 mining concession owned 65% by CBAY/35% by SOQUEM) CBAY Minerals Inc. ('CBAY'), a wholly owned subsidiary of Cygnus, is the owner of all claims and leases, except where otherwise noted above. The properties collectively making up the Project are in good standing based on the Ministry of Energy and Natural Resources (Ministère de l'Énergie et des Ressources Naturelles) GESTIM claim management system of the Government of Québec. The security of the tenure held at the time of reporting along with any known impediments to obtaining a licence to operate in the area. All tenure is in good standing. Exploration done by other parties Acknowledgment and appraisal of exploration by other parties. The Chibougamau Copper and Gold project comprising Corner Bay, Devlin, Cedar Bay and Joe Mann has seen an extensive exploration history dating back to the early 1900s. The Preliminary Economic Assessment (as referred to in the Company's announcement of 15 October 2024) provides a detailed history of the exploration activities undertaken by previous explorers. Corner Bay was first identified as a prospect in 1956 1956 – 1972 eight drilling programs totalling 1,463 m and various geophysical and electromagnetic (EM) surveys 1973 – 1981 Riocanex and Flanagan McAdam: ground geophysical surveys and 43 diamond drill holes 1982 – 1984 Riocanex and Corner Bay Exploration: 38 drill holes and metallurgical test work 1988 – 1991 Corner Bay Exploration: diamond drilling, geophysical surveys and geological characterisation with initial MRE 1992 – 1994 SOQUEM optioned and acquired a 30% interest, and completed diamond drilling 1994 Explorations Cache Inc and Resources MSV Inc: diamond drilling 2004 – 2006 GéoNova and MSV: 98 diamond drill holes and first Technical Report on the Corner Bay project reporting a MRE 2007 – 2009 Campbell: diamond drilling and bulk sample 2012 - 2019 CBAY / AmAuCu: diamond drilling and MRE Devlin identified in 1972 by airborne survey flown by the MERN 1979 – 1981 diamond drilling, geophysical surveys 1981 development commenced Joe Mann identified in 1950 with the commencement of mining activities occurring in 1956 The Joe Mann mine operated underground during three different periods from 1956 to 2007 In July 2012, Resources Jessie acquired the Joe Mann mine property, but conducted only surface exploration work Cedar Bay was discovered prior to 1927 by Chibougamau McKenzie Mines Ltd From initial discovery to 2013 various surface and underground drilling campaigns and geophysical surveys undertaken by various companies Colline was first discovered with mapping and sampling and then drilled in the 1950s with follow up drilling in 1955. In the 1950s a shaft was sunk but the deposit was never mined The deposit was later tested with three drill holes and six regional drill holes throughout two drilling campaigns in 1984 and 1986/87 Exploration at Colline has been halted historically with the discovery of and focus on other deposits in the region Golden Eye (previously known as Dore Ramp) was drilled in a few different phases from 1984 to 1992. A total of 47 drill holes from surface are reported during that period A double ramp of approximately 1 kilometre was excavated in 1991-92 to a vertical depth of 160 meters Underground drilling campaign of 46 holes totalling 10,200 meters tested the deposit mainly to a depth of 240 meters (only five holes tested the deposit between 300 and 600 meters) Geology Deposit type, geological setting and style of mineralisation. Corner Bay and Devlin are located at the northeastern extremity of the Abitibi subprovince in the Superior province of the Canadian Shield and are examples of Chibougamau-type copper-gold deposits. The Abitibi subprovince is considered as one of the largest and best-preserved greenstone belts in the world and hosts numerous gold and base metal deposits. The Corner Bay deposit is located on the southern flank of the Doré Lake Complex (DLC). It is hosted by a N 15° trending shear zone more or less continuous with a strong 75° to 85° dip towards the west. The host anorthosite rock is sheared and sericitized over widths of 2 m to 25 m. The deposit is cut by a diabase dyke and is limited to the north by a fault structure and to the south by the LaChib deformation zone. The Corner Bay deposit consists of three main mineralized lodes (subparallel Main Lode 1 and Main Lode 2 above the dyke, and Main Lode below the dyke that make up the bulk of the deposit. The Corner Bay deposit has been traced over a strike length to over 1,100 m to a depth of 1,350 m and remains open at depth. The mineralization is characterized by veins and/or lenses of massive to semi-massive sulphides associated with a brecciated to locally massive quartz-calcite material. The sulphide assemblage is composed of chalcopyrite, pyrite, and pyrrhotite with lesser amounts of molybdenite and sphalerite. Late remobilized quartz-chalcopyrite-pyrite veins occur in a wide halo around the main mineralization zones. Devlin is a flat-lying, copper-rich lodes-hosted deposit in a polygenic igneous breccia that is less than 100 m from the surface. The tabular bodies have been modelled as four nearly horizontal lodes: a more continuous lower zone and three smaller lodes comprising the upper zone. Mineralization is reflected as a fracture zone often composed of two or more sulphide-quartz lodes and stringers. Thickness of the mineralized zones range from 0.5 m to 4.4 m. It has been diluted during modelling to reflect a minimum mining height of 1.8 m. The Joe Mann deposit is characterized by east-west striking shear hosted lodes that extend beyond 1,000 m vertically with mineralization identified over a 3 km strike length. These shear zones form part of the Opawica-Guercheville deformation zone, a major deformation corridor cutting the mafic volcanic rocks of the Obatogamau Formation in the north part of the Caopatina Segment. The gabbro sill hosts the Main Zone and the West Zone at the mine, while the South Zone is found in the rhyolite. These three subvertical E-W (N275°/85°) ductile-brittle shear zones are sub-parallel to stratigraphy and to one another, with up to 140 m to 170 m of separation between them. These shear zones are hosted within a stratigraphic package composed of iron-magnesium (Fe-Mg) carbonate and sericite altered gabbro sills, sheared basalts, and intermediate to felsic tuffs intruded by various felsic intrusions. The Joe Mann gold mineralization is hosted by decimetre scale quartz-carbonate lodes (Dion and Guha 1988). The lodes are mineralized with pyrite, pyrrhotite, and chalcopyrite disposed in lens and lodelets parallel to schistosity, and occasionally visible gold. There are some other minor, mineralized structures, e.g., North and South-South Zones, with limited vertical and horizontal extensions. The Cedar Bay deposit is hosted by a sheared and altered gabbroic-anorthosite of the DLC. The meta-anorthosites are typically comprised of 70% to 90% plagioclase, which has been heavily altered to epidote and albite. The Cedar Bay deposit generally has a northwest strike and dips steeply to the northeast. The gold-copper sulphide veins average approximately 1.5 m in width and are tens to hundreds of metres in strike length. The individual mineralization lenses have approximately 3:1 down dip to along strike anisotropies. The veins are comprised of pyrite and chalcopyrite with some gold and minor sphalerite. The main alteration minerals are chlorite, quartz, and carbonates. Locally, pyrrhotite dominates the vein mineral assemblage. Pyrrhotite has a very heterogeneous distribution within the mineralization. Drill hole Information A summary of all information material to the understanding of the exploration results including a tabulation of the following information for all Material drill holes: easting and northing of the drill hole collar elevation or RL (Reduced Level – elevation above sea level in metres) of the drill hole collar dip and azimuth of the hole down hole length and interception depth hole length. If the exclusion of this information is justified on the basis that the information is not Material and this exclusion does not detract from the understanding of the report, the Competent Person should clearly explain why this is the case. All requisite drill hole information is tabulated elsewhere in this release. Refer Appendices A and B of the body text. Data aggregation methods In reporting Exploration Results, weighting averaging techniques, maximum and/or minimum grade truncations (eg cutting of high grades) and cut-off grades are usually Material and should be stated. For recent results, drill hole intersections are reported above a lower cut-off grade of 1% CuEq over greater than 1m width. Where aggregate intercepts incorporate short lengths of high-grade results and longer lengths of low-grade results, the procedure used for such aggregation should be stated and some typical examples of such aggregations should be shown in detail. A maximum of 1m internal waste was allowed. The assumptions used for any reporting of metal equivalent values should be clearly stated. Individual grades for the metals included in the metal equivalents calculation for the exploration results are in Appendices A and B of this release. Metal equivalents for exploration results have been calculated at a copper price of US$8,750/t, gold price of US$2,350/oz and silver price of US$25/oz. Copper equivalents are calculated based on the formula CuEq(%) = Cu(%) + (Au(g/t) x 0.77258)+(Ag(g/t) x 0.00822). Gold equivalents are calculated based on the formula AuEq(g/t) = Au(g/t) + (Cu(%) x 1.29436) + (Ag(g/t) x 0.01064). Metallurgical recovery factors have been applied to the metal equivalents calculations, with copper metallurgical recovery assumed at 95% and precious metal (gold and silver) metallurgical recovery assumed at 85% based upon historical production at the Chibougamau Processing Facility, and the metallurgical results contained in Cygnus' announcement dated 28 January 2025. It is the Company's view that all elements in the metal equivalent calculations have a reasonable potential to be recovered and sold. Relationship between mineralisation widths and intercept lengths These relationships are particularly important in the reporting of Exploration the geometry of the mineralisation with respect to the drill hole angle is known, its nature should be it is not known and only the down hole lengths are reported, there should be a clear statement to this effect (eg 'down hole length, true width not known'). All intersections reported in the body of this release are down hole. For recent drill holes, holes are drilled as close to orthogonal to the plane of the mineralized lodes as possible. True width is estimated to be about 80% of the downhole drill intersection. Diagrams Appropriate maps and sections (with scales) and tabulations of intercepts should be included for any significant discovery being reported. These should include,but not be limited to a plan view of drill hole collar locations and appropriate sectional views. Refer Figure 3 Plan view of recent infill drilling at Corner BayBalanced reporting Where comprehensive reporting of all Exploration Results is not practicable, representative reporting of both low and high grades and/or widths should be practiced to avoid misleading reporting of Exploration Results. Reported results from infill drilling at Corner Bay includes 8 holes for 5,000m. Reported results from exploration drilling at Corner Bay includes 10 holes for 5,541m. All infill and exploration holes are included in Appendices A and B with all results greater than 1% CuEq over greater than 1m width reported. Other substantive exploration data Other exploration data, if meaningful and material, should be reported including (but not limited to): geological observations; geophysical survey results; geochemical survey results; bulk samples – size and method of treatment; metallurgical test results; bulk density, groundwater, geotechnical and rock characteristics; potential deleterious or contaminating substances. There is no other substantive exploration data. Further work The nature and scale of planned further work (eg tests for lateral extensions or depth extensions or large-scale step-out drilling).Diagrams clearly highlighting the areas of possible extensions, including the main geological interpretations and future drilling areas, provided this information is not commercially sensitive. The Company plans to conduct drill testing of additional mineralisation as well as step out drilling of existing lodes. More information is presented in the body of this report. Diagrams in the main body of this release show areas of possible resource extension on existing lodes. The Company continues to identify and assess multiple other target areas within the property boundary for additional resources. Figure 3: Plan view of recent infill drilling at Corner Bay Figures accompanying this announcement are available at: _____________1 The estimate of mineralisation at the Chibougamau Project is a foreign estimate prepared in accordance with CIM Standards and is not reported in accordance with the JORC Code. A competent person has not done sufficient work to classify the foreign estimate as a mineral resource in accordance with the JORC Code, and it is uncertain that following evaluation and/or further exploration work that the foreign estimate will be able to be reported as a mineral resource or ore reserve in accordance with the JORC Code.
Yahoo
6 days ago
- Science
- Yahoo
Tectonic plates can spread subduction like a contagion — jumping from one oceanic plate to another
When you buy through links on our articles, Future and its syndication partners may earn a commission. Subduction zones, where one tectonic plate dives underneath another, drive the world's most devastating earthquakes and tsunamis. How do these danger zones come to be? A study in Geology presents evidence that subduction can spread like a contagion, jumping from one oceanic plate to another — a hypothesis previously difficult to prove. This result "is not just speculation," says University of Lisbon geologist João Duarte, who was not involved in the research. "This study builds an argument based on the geological record." Because subduction drags crust deep into the earth, its beginnings are hard to examine. The new study provides a rare ancient example of potential subduction "infection." Its authors say they've discovered evidence that neighboring collisions triggered East Asia's "Ring of Fire," a colossal subduction system currently fueling earthquakes and volcanoes from Alaska to the southern Indian Ocean. Nearly 300 million years ago China was a scattering of islands separated by the ancient Tethys and Asian oceans. Established subduction zones consumed these oceans, welding the landmasses into a new continent and raising mountains from Turkey to China. By 260 million years ago this subduction seems to have spread and begun pulling down the neighboring Pacific plate. "The dying act of those closing oceans may have been to infect the Pacific plate and start it subducting westward under the Asian continent," says study lead author Mark Allen, a geologist at Durham University in England. "In one form or another, it's been diving down ever since." The smoking gun in this case is the "Dupal anomaly," identified by a geochemical fingerprint from the ancient Tethys Ocean and what is now the Indian Ocean. When the study authors unexpectedly found this signature in volcanic rocks from the western Pacific, they surmised that material from the Tethys had spread eastward across a plate boundary from one subduction zone to another — triggering the neighboring plate's descent. "It's like seeing someone's fingerprint at a crime scene," Allen says. RELATED STORIES —Africa is being torn apart by a 'superplume' of hot rock from deep within Earth, study suggests —Gigantic 'mud waves' buried deep beneath the ocean floor reveal dramatic formation of Atlantic when Africa and South America finally split —Yosemite's ultra-deep canyon may have been carved in part by a ghost volcano and river, provocative research suggests But the mechanism of spread remains mysterious. The researchers suspect that transform faults — boundaries where plates slide past one another, like the San Andreas Fault — may act as weak spots where slight changes in collision angle or speed can destabilize dense oceanic crust, causing it to sink. Duarte compares the scenario to aluminum foil in water. "The foil floats," he says, "but the slightest tap will cause it to sink." If subduction spreads this way, could the Atlantic Ocean's relatively quiet plate margins be next? The massive 1755 Lisbon earthquake hints at early subduction invasion there. Duarte suggests parts of Iberia and the Caribbean are undergoing this process's initial stages: "In another 100 million years a new Atlantic 'Ring of Fire' may form — just as it once did in the Pacific." This article was first published at Scientific American. © All rights reserved. Follow on TikTok and Instagram, X and Facebook.
Hans India
13-06-2025
- Politics
- Hans India
Garbage-free Bandar is goal: Minister Ravindra
Machilipatnam: Minister for Mines, Geology, and Excise Kollu Ravindra on Thursday stated that his goal is to realise a 'garbage-free Bandar.' He made these remarks at the inauguration of garbage compacting vehicles at the Machilipatnam dumping yard, where he was joined by RTC Chairman Konakalla Narayana Rao and DCMS Chairman Bandi Ramakrishna. Minister Ravindra announced that the work to clear the dumping yard is on track, fulfilling a promise made by Chief Minister Chandrababu Naidu. 'The Chief Minister gave us a promise on October 2 and by this coming October 2, we will remove the dumping yard entirely,' he asserted. He added that plans are being drafted to create wealth from waste. Recalling Chief Minister Chandrababu Naidu's previous visit to Bandar, where he personally observed the garbage and dumping yard issues, Minister Ravindra highlighted the Chief Minister's commitment to resolving the problem. As part of this commitment, Taruni Associates has been entrusted with solid waste management responsibilities at a cost of Rs 3.75 crore. This initiative will involve segregating wet and dry waste, along with the separation of materials like iron. The Chief Minister has instructed that the entire dumping yard area be converted into a park by October 2. 'We will meticulously follow his directives and establish a park in that area. Local officials are urged to cooperate in this endeavour,' Minister Ravindra stated. Machilipatnam generates approximately 80-90 tonnes of waste daily. To manage this, three compactors worth Rs 3.30 crore have been procured and will be used to clear all accumulated waste. The Minister also mentioned that steps are being taken to establish a waste-to-energy plant locally. He criticised the previous administration for neglecting the municipality, which he claimed led to the current challenges.
Daily Mail
12-06-2025
- Science
- Daily Mail
EXCLUSIVE Bombshell discovery in soil at 'site of Noah's Ark' that has convinced me Bible story is TRUE
A mysterious geological formation perched high in the mountains of Turkey could be the site where Noah's Ark landed around 4,300 years ago. That is the view of researchers who uncovered what they believe are man-made structures beneath the Durupinar Formation near Mount Ararat, a dormant volcano in eastern Turkey.
SBS Australia
08-06-2025
- SBS Australia
For lava chasers and the volcano curious, is the thrill worth the risk?
People viewing the lava field after Iceland's Mount Fagradalsfjall volcano erupted after 800 years in 2021. Source: Getty / Sophia Groves When Italy's Mt Etna erupted this week, it put on the kind of spectacular display that can stir fanatics and the volcano-curious into taking a closer look at some of the world's most awe-inspiring attractions. Amid signs volcano tourism is growing more popular, researchers and travel experts warn there are very real risks to visiting those that don't lie dormant. "There was a big explosion and a crater collapsed but luckily it fell into a deserted area," Salvo Cocina, the head of Sicily's Civil Protection Department, told the Reuters news agency. "It's very hard to block access, you can't fence it off," he added. Cocina said dozens of hikers had ventured on to Etna despite a warning of increased signs of volcanic activity being issued early that day. Mt Etna's eruption was "strombolian", Italy's National Institute of Geophysics and Volcanology said, and produced what might be "one of the most famous pyroclastic flows of our time", Boris Behncke, a volcanologist at the agency, wrote on X. That moniker comes from Italy's Mt Stromboli, which boatloads of tourists visit every year. Many climb up to the summit to experience the thrill of witnessing the dance of fire and ash at this active volcano which has "exhibited nearly constant lava fountains for the past 2,000 years", according to the Global Volcanism program. It has left an everlasting impact on volcanology, in that continuous but mild volcanic activity has come to be known as 'strombolian activity', in which volcanoes fling pieces of very hot rock (as high as 800C) and blobs of lava far and wide. "When volcanoes like Etna in Italy and Kilauea in Hawaii erupt spectacularly like they did this year, there are increased enquiries for tours," said John Seach, an Australian vulcanologist and astrophysicist, who have been in the volcano tour business for 40 years and visited over 200 volcanoes. Not only is Mt Etna a popular tourist attraction — with some reports suggesting it attracts upwards of a million visitors each year — it is also "one of the most active volcanoes on earth and a reasonably frequently-erupting one," said Prof Teresa Ubide Garralda, a volcano scientist at the University of Queensland. "The current activity started in March and has been on and off since then," Garralda said. She said that even though countries have effective monitoring systems in place around active volcanoes, it is difficult to precisely forecast the exact time of an eruption. "Earthquakes triggered by the movement of magma inside the volcano, images of inflation or deflation in the ground and the emission of gases can help forecast potential eruptions but it's difficult to accurately say exactly when that happens," she said. Volcanoes attract million of tourists from around the world, according to the British Geological Survey, and there are signs popularity has grown over time. In Iceland, one of the most volcanically active places in the world, foreign tourist numbers grew from around 488,600 in 2010 to about 2.25 million in 2024. Numbers have hovered around the 2 million mark since 2017, though they dipped between 2020 and 2022 during the height of the COVID-19 pandemic, when many countries closed their borders before gradually reopening. Interest has also picked up among Australians since international borders repoened, according to Brett Mitchell, the ANZ managing direction of Intrepid Tours, which sells tours that include volcano experiences. He said there's been a 54 per cent increase in bookings since 2023. When Indonesia's Marapi volcano suddenly erupted in late 2023, there were 75 people hikers on the mountain at the time. Some 24 of them, including young university students, died, according to an ABC report. In 2019, New Zealand's Whakaari, also known as White Island, erupted during a tour group visit. Forty-seven people were on the island at the time and 22 of them, including 17 Australians, died. The others were seriously injured. Judge Evangelos Thomas presided over the subsequent trial brought by New Zealand's workplace health and safety regulator. When it ended in March last year, he said several tour operators and the island's owners, Whakaari Management Limited, had "used an active volcano to make money". He also said one tour operator had not adequately briefed tourists on safety information. Some NZ$10.21 million ($9.56 million) in reparations were ordered to be paid to families of victims and survivors. Whakaari Management Limited, who was ordered to pay $4.57 million of the total figure, appealed that decision. New Zealand's High Court quashed the conviction and its share of the payments in February, with a judge reasoning it did not manage or control the walking tour workplace. Prof Raymond Cas, an emeritus professor at Monash University and one of Australia's leading volcanologist, was engaged as an expert by families of victims and survivors during the trial. "With Whakaari, tourists weren't warned they could die in the event of an eruption," Cas said. "It was clear the information given to those tourists was inadequate. The island is very remote and the tour involves walking inside an amphitheatre-like crater with no exit. The tourist brochure painted the experience as a volcanic wonderland, making it sound very much like the geothermal areas in Rotorua," added Cas, who has visited Whakaari many times as a student and researcher. Cas said the tourists were also not told that a few nights before the tragedy, there was a significant explosive event in which deposits inundated the crater area. He said: "The tour guides weren't qualified vulcanologists — if you're leading a tour group in an active volcano, you must be adequately trained. As far as I'm aware, there's no requirement for volcano tour guides to be qualified vulcanologists." He believes that's "totally unethical". "People don't fully understand the danger. They're making assumptions that because tours are being offered, they must be safe. And that the government and tour operators have done the due diligence regarding legal requirements and other compliance," he said. Seach, who sits at a unique intersection of being a vulcanologist, avid lava chaser and experienced tour guide, says seeing an eruption is "one of the greatest sights in nature, but the challenge must be accepted with common sense and knowledge of the risks". He said participants on his tours travel at their own risk. "All reasonable care is taken on tours, but volcanic activity is unpredictable, and no guarantee can be made about safety on an active volcano. A decision to climb an erupting volcano should be based on a risk-benefit analysis," reads a part of the safety note he provides his tour group members. Travel and tourism New Zealand Share this with family and friends
