Closing the skills gap: how training programmes are reshaping the workforce
Jennifer Mdluli is a radio broadcaster, Head coach and Founder of Emerald Gymnastics Club, and facilitator dedicated to youth and community development.
As South Africa observes Workers' Day in May, the occasion carries a bitter undertone for many young people. For them, this time no longer symbolises hard-won labour rights or economic progress; it is instead a reminder of exclusion, unemployment, and unfulfilled promise.
According to Stats SA, the unemployment rate stood at 31.9% in Q1 2024 and rose to a staggering 32.9% in Q1 2025. The expanded unemployment rate, which includes discouraged job seekers, reached 43.1%. Among the youth, the picture is even bleaker.
While time-related underemployment remains at 4.6%, suggesting some are working fewer hours than they are willing and able to, the broader concern is the quality and accessibility of jobs. Distressingly, only 9.8% of employed youth are graduates, highlighting a harsh truth: higher education, while essential, no longer guarantees employment.
This disconnects between education and economic opportunity reveals systemic issues. Many young South Africans remain locked out of the workforce, not because of a lack of will or potential, but due to structural inequalities, limited access to quality education, a lack of job creation, and persistent socio-economic barriers.
The growing number of NEETs (youth not in employment, education, or training) is perhaps the clearest indicator of a generation at risk of long-term marginalisation. Without targeted interventions such as inclusive labour market policies, youth-focused entrepreneurship support, and stronger links between education and industry, South Africa risks losing the demographic dividend its youth could offer.
As we reflect this workers month, let us not only honour the workers who built and sustain our economy, but also confront the realities faced by those still striving to enter it. South Africa cannot afford to leave its youth behind.
The Urgent Call for Skills Training
With traditional job pathways shrinking, young people are turning to alternative ways of becoming employable. Skills training has emerged as a practical and empowering solution - one that not only teaches job-ready competencies but also boosts confidence, independence, and long-term resilience.
Recent data shows that youth with some form of experience are significantly more successful in transitioning into employment than adults. Between quarters, 12.3% of youth moved from unemployment or inactivity into work, compared to 7.4% of adults. This highlights the importance of early exposure to real-world work environments and practical skills.
Community-Based Change: The Mordecai Ndlovu Foundation
In response to this urgent need, organisations like the Mordecai Ndlovu Foundation are stepping up to close the gap from the ground up. Through initiatives such as the Waste Management Skills Programme, the foundation is equipping young people with accredited, industry-relevant skills that address local employment gaps.
More than just training, these programmes offer:
Stipends to alleviate financial pressure during the learning process
Hands-on practical experience to ensure real-world readiness
Structured mentorship and support, helping youth navigate the pathway into work
As Mordecai Ndlovu, a passionate member of the Activate! Change Drivers and Generation G Champion, explains: 'I've had the privilege of driving social discussions around youth development in communities such as Tembisa, Orange Farm, Katlehong, and the Vaal. Our focus has been on creating meaningful programs and dialogues that address the unique challenges faced by young people. Through skills training, we bridge the employment gap by ensuring our youth are not only employable but equipped with practical industry skills.'
Work, gender, and justice: a generation's call for change
The future of work must also be gender-just. South Africa cannot address youth unemployment without tackling the deep gender inequalities that restrict access to opportunities and perpetuate violence. The Generation Gender (Gen G) program - a partnership between Activate! Change Drivers, ActionAid, and Sonke Gender Justice - is a vital response.
Gen G works to build gender-equitable, violence-free societies, empowering youth as agents of change, especially in addressing the persistent crisis of gender-based violence (GBV).
Skills training, therefore, must do more than prepare people for jobs - it must be transformative. Programmes must intentionally dismantle gender stereotypes, promote safety in training and workspaces, and ensure that young women, queer youth, and non-binary individuals are fully included. For example, the Waste Management Skills Programme not only creates green jobs but also challenges male-dominated norms, opening up new possibilities for inclusion and leadership.
The political moment: from symbolism to structural change
With South Africa entering a new political phase under a Government of National Unity (GNU), the country is presented with a rare opportunity for collective, forward-thinking action. Workers' Month in May must be more than commemorative; it must become a moment of commitment. The GNU must mainstream youth employment and gender justice into national policy, from funding inclusive skills training to protecting vulnerable workers from exploitation and harm.
Partners like those in the Gen G alliance are already doing the groundwork, hosting dialogues, training changemakers, and shifting norms at the grassroots. Now, national leadership must match this momentum with bold reforms. This includes scaling up community-based innovations, strengthening industry-education partnerships, and ensuring that youth are not just beneficiaries of programs but leaders of change.
The bigger picture: skills, not just jobs
Statistics show that 65% of employers report skills shortages, not a lack of applicants. The most in-demand attributes aren't just technical skills, but soft skills like communication, adaptability, and problem-solving. These are competencies that programs like the Waste Management Skills Programme actively develop.
In this light, training programs are not just a stopgap, they are a sustainable pathway to a reimagined workforce that values adaptability and lifelong learning. They also promote social inclusion, dignity, and a renewed sense of purpose for young people.
A call to action
South Africa's youth face a challenging job market, but hope lies in proactive, community-driven initiatives. Skills training offers more than employability; it offers empowerment. Organisations like the Mordecai Ndlovu Foundation are proving that with the right support, potential can be unlocked, and futures reshaped.
Let this Workers' Day be more than a symbolic gesture. Let it be a call to invest in our youth, in skills development, and in programs that uplift from the grassroots.
* Jennifer Mdluli is a radio broadcaster, Head coach and Founder of Emerald Gymnastics Club, and facilitator dedicated to youth and community development. A member of Activate! Change Drivers, an organisation that fosters youth leadership and inspires social change through creativity and engagement, Jennifer is committed to supporting efforts that promote equality, inclusion, and empowerment for all individuals.
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