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Richmond's 50-year theme park battle

Richmond's 50-year theme park battle

Axios23-05-2025

Fifty years ago this month, the region's two major theme parks opened 70 miles and 13 days apart, the Times-Dispatch's Eric Kolenich reports.
Why it matters: A half a century later, Kings Dominion and Busch Gardens continue to battle for Virginia thrill-seekers' attention — and money.
State of play: The parks that opened in May 1975 were very different than the ones we know today, Kolenich reports.
Kings Dominion, which was built atop a Hanover County cornfield, hoped to entice families with its three roller coasters and drive-thru zoo.
Busch Gardens, meanwhile, rose adjacent to then-owner Anheuser-Busch's brewery,aiming to offer a European-inspired experience beyond thrill-seeking. Its opening featured replica European villages, a single rollercoaster and the adjacent brewery.
KD's strategy worked. It drew 52,000 visitors on opening day and turned away nearly as many.
Meanwhile, a paltry 6,000 people showed up for BG's opening.
KD would be the industry leader ... for about three years.
What happened: Busch Gardens took its cue from KD and shifted its focus to families and rides, starting with the addition of its mega-coaster, the Loch Ness Monster, the world's first (and still only remaining) interlocking loop steel coaster.
KD hit back the next year with the Lost World — a 15-story synthetic mountain with three rides.
For the next four decades, the two parks would keep adding attractions, refining their offerings and expanding their schedules — all in an effort to entice more Virginians through the gates.
What they're saying: "It's always been a prize fight," Dennis Speigel, KD ' s first general manager, told the RTD. "They're going after the same guy going down 95 and up 64."
The latest: Today, as the battle still rages, Busch Gardens boasts over 50 rides and attractions, including 10 roller coasters, according to Roller Coaster DataBase — and a water park.
Never to be outdone, Kings Dominion now has around 60 rides and 13 coasters — and a water park.
For most locals, though, which theme park they prefer comes down to personal preference, price and, often, nostalgia.
What's next: In celebration of its 50th anniversary, KD opened this season with Rapterra, its newest coaster, and the world's tallest and longest launched wing roller coaster.
Busch Gardens, meanwhile, this weekend will unveil The Big Bad Wolf: The Wolf's Revenge, an all-new version of its hit 1984 inverted roller coaster that sends riders spiraling through a Bavarian village as wolves howl.
And starting Saturday, both parks, including their water parks, will be open daily through summer.

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Masquerade Ball Dresses: The Art of Dressing for Disguise in the 18th and 19th Centuries
Masquerade Ball Dresses: The Art of Dressing for Disguise in the 18th and 19th Centuries

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time16 hours ago

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Masquerade Ball Dresses: The Art of Dressing for Disguise in the 18th and 19th Centuries

For centuries, few social occasions offered women the same freedom of expression as the masquerade ball. Wrapped in mystery, glittering in candlelight, and filled with playful intrigue, masquerades allowed guests to step beyond the rigid expectations of everyday society. At the heart of these grand events were the costumes themselves, and especially the Masquerade Ball Dresses that offered women a rare chance to blend historical fashion with personal fantasy. Though masquerade balls originated as part of Carnival traditions in Renaissance Italy, they became deeply woven into the social fabric of European aristocracy during the 18th and 19th centuries. Across grand palaces, ornate theaters, and exclusive private salons, they created temporary spaces where identity could be concealed, challenged, or reinvented entirely. The Setting: Where Fashion Met Fantasy Masquerade balls were elaborate affairs, often held in ornate venues filled with music, dancing, and lavish décor. 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Victorian Interpretations: Formality Meets Imagination By the 19th century, as masquerade balls continued to evolve, the style of Masquerade Ball Dresses also shifted in step with Victorian fashion. While still elaborate, the silhouette changed dramatically. The massive side panniers of the previous century were replaced by crinolines in the 1850s and later by the bustle silhouette of the 1870s and 1880s. Victorian masquerade dresses maintained the tradition of elaborate embellishment, often featuring rich fabrics like satin, silk faille, and velvet, trimmed with lace, pearls, and intricate beading. However, these gowns often balanced fantasy with greater modesty in accordance with Victorian values. Necklines remained low but were typically framed with lace or tulle. Sleeves varied from fitted long styles to dramatic puffed shapes, depending on the period. Themes continued to draw from history and mythology, but Victorian masquerades also reflected growing interest in literary characters, medieval revivalism, and romanticized historical periods. For women attending these events, the opportunity to temporarily embody queens, fairies, historical heroines, or mythological figures offered a rare chance to play with identity while remaining within socially acceptable boundaries. The Mask: Essential Symbol of the Masquerade While the gowns themselves were extraordinary, the mask was equally central to the masquerade experience. Women often wore delicate eye masks made of lace, silk, or papier-mâché, sometimes decorated with feathers, sequins, or tiny jewels. The mask's ability to obscure one's face without fully hiding one's identity offered a subtle thrill. It created a charged atmosphere where whispered conversations, bold flirtations, and carefully veiled observations became part of the night's entertainment. In some cases, masks were designed to match or contrast with the dress itself, completing the ensemble with a unified sense of artistry. The balance of recognition and anonymity provided endless intrigue on the dance floor. Preparation and Presentation: A Labor of Detail Unlike standard eveningwear, a Masquerade Ball Dress often required months of preparation. Dressmakers worked closely with their clients to design costumes that expressed both creativity and status. Historical research, careful material selection, and intricate craftsmanship were all essential to producing a gown that could stand out amid a ballroom filled with equally ambitious creations. Wealthier women sometimes commissioned full themed ensembles complete with wigs, capes, and props. Others assembled costumes by modifying existing gowns, adding detachable embellishments that transformed them into suitable masquerade attire while remaining functional for future occasions. The Decline and Legacy of the Masquerade By the turn of the 20th century, the popularity of formal masquerade balls declined as social norms shifted and modern entertainment took new forms. Yet the fascination with masquerades and their opulent costumes endures to this day. Vintage fashion enthusiasts, historical reenactors, and costume designers continue to draw inspiration from these extraordinary events. The Masquerade Ball Dress remains a symbol of artistic freedom within the constraints of rigid social structures, where creativity and craftsmanship allowed individuals to momentarily step into another world. Final Thoughts: Dressing for Imagination Masquerade balls offered more than a chance to dance. They provided an opportunity to blur the lines between reality and fantasy, allowing women to inhabit identities that might otherwise remain inaccessible. The dresses worn to these events stand as rich historical artifacts, revealing not only the evolving aesthetics of fashion but also the enduring human desire for transformation, mystery, and playful disguise. At the legacy of historical costuming continues to inspire. The timeless appeal of masquerade ball gowns reminds us that fashion, at its most enchanting, offers a portal to worlds of elegance, creativity, and endless imagination. TIME BUSINESS NEWS

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