
Saying 'please' and 'thank you' to ChatGPT costing OpenAI millions in energy bills
©Evening Standard
Today at 07:41
ChatGPT is so convincingly human-like in its responses that it almost feels rude not to say 'please' and 'thank you' to the AI chatbot, especially when it's helping with a tricky email or prepping you for a job interview.
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Laoise Mullane, director of workforce consulting with PwC Ireland, said: 'In contrast to worries that AI could cause sharp reductions in the number of jobs available — this year's findings show jobs are growing in virtually every type of AI-exposed occupation, including highly automatable ones. 'AI is amplifying and democratising expertise, enabling employees to multiply their impact and focus on higher-level responsibilities. With the right foundations, both companies and workers can re-define their roles and industries and emerge leaders in their field, particularly as the full gambit of applications becomes clearer.' Jobs which require AI skills also offer a wage premium (over similar roles that don't require AI skills) in every industry analysed, with the average premium hitting 56%, up from 25% last year. Jobs that require such AI skills also continue to grow faster than all jobs — rising 7.5% from last year, even as total job postings fell 11.3%. The picture in Ireland is particularly positive in terms of allaying people AI-related job anxieties; the number of AI-exposed roles has almost doubled since 2019. In Ireland, the study also shows more job postings and higher demand for roles requiring AI-related skills. Job numbers in AI-exposed occupations in Ireland have grown 94% since 2019 — including positive growth in every type of occupation. Augmentation-exposed jobs have seen much higher job growth across almost all sectors than automation exposed jobs, reflecting demand for workers who are enhanced by AI. In Ireland, the results suggest that AI-exposed occupations are also undergoing transformation, requiring workers to reskill and upskill more frequently. For example, the top quartile of occupations exposed to AI in Ireland have seen a 2.78 times greater change in demanded skills compared to the bottom quartile. The survey responses suggest that AI is making workers more valuable, more productive, and more able to command higher wage premiums, with job numbers rising even in roles considered most automatable. The report is based on analysis of close to a billion job ads from six continents. David Lee, chief technology officer, PwC Ireland. David Lee, chief technology officer, PwC Ireland, said: 'The research shows that the power of AI to deliver for businesses is only at the start of the transition. 'As we roll out agentic AI at enterprise scale, we will see how the right combination of technology and culture can create dramatic new opportunities to reimage how organisations work and create value.' The report finds that since GenAI's proliferation in 2022, productivity growth has nearly quadrupled in industries most exposed to AI (e.g. financial services, software publishing), rising from 7% from 2018-2022 to 27% from 2018-2024. In contrast, the rate of productivity growth in industries least exposed to AI (e.g. mining, hospitality) declined from 10% to 9% over the same period. The 2024 data shows that the most AI-exposed industries are now seeing three times higher growth in revenue per employee than the least exposed. While the picture on productivity, wages and jobs is broadly positive, the research does highlight the need for workers and businesses to adapt to a much faster pace of change. The skills sought by employers are changing 66% faster in occupations most exposed to AI, up from 25% last year. What it takes to succeed in AI-exposed jobs is changing in other ways. Employer demand for formal degrees is declining for all jobs, but especially quickly for AI-exposed jobs. The percentage of jobs AI augments that require a degree fell 7 percentage points between 2019 and 2024 from 66% to 59%, and 9 percentage points (53% to 44%) for jobs AI automates. 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Women are more likely than men to be in jobs at risk of being automated, but they are also 25 per cent less likely than men to have basic digital skills, separate studies show. The findings, from the International Labour Organisation and the UN respectively, highlight an urgent challenge for women across the world. The artificial intelligence -driven industrial revolution ought to offer a unique opportunity for everyone to shape the future of work, but many women are already behind. A 2024 Danish study of 100,000 workers found 'a staggering gender gap in the adoption of ChatGPT: women are 20 percentage points less likely to use ChatGPT than men in the same occupation'. The researchers found the gap persisted when people in the same workplaces were compared. So how can women keep up with AI developments – especially those who might feel too busy to take time off for training within a part-time schedule, or who may be in denial about AI's all-consuming importance? The challenges are understandable: it is hard to know where to start. READ MORE A useful resource is research company Charter's Guide to AI in the Workplace. Instead of focusing on ideas and AI's 'maybe' impacts, this report has case studies on how some prominent companies are working with staff to share AI best practice. But small employers don't have anything like these resources and, as the UK's Pissarides Review into the future of work and wellbeing points out, 'good impacts – including upskilling and the substitution of routine tasks – cannot be assumed and must be proactively shaped'. So how can you use AI yourself, even when there is no corporate, or even team-level, push for change? The best advice I have seen is from Slack , the workplace collaboration platform, which recommends setting aside time for experimentation and learning. It is also good to be curious about AI, more generally. My recent reading includes 'AI will change what it is to be human. Are we ready?' by economist Tyler Cowen and Avital Balwit of AI software developer Anthropic. [ Are fears of an AI slash and burn of white-collar roles well founded? Opens in new window ] I am also experimenting. I asked the FT's ChatGPT Enterprise to tell me what is holding women back in adopting AI. It pointed to a 2024 study on women and generative AI by Deloitte, the consultancy. The researchers expected 'the proportion of women experimenting with and using gen AI for projects and tasks will match or surpass that of men in the United States by the end of 2025'. So it is not all doom and gloom. Caution is still good. As noted last month, generative AI chatbots such as ChatGPT and Anthropic's Claude may sometimes demonstrate how 'the potential biases of those working at AI companies can seep into their models'. An FT reporter ran a series of questions about AI bosses through different chatbots, and each model was far more favourable about its own leader. Women make up just a third of the AI workforce, according to world Economic Forum figures. But that should give us all the more reason to learn more about large language models and AI-powered agents – and start to influence how to build knowledge in our own organisations. You will know the saying that 'AI is not going to take your job – someone using AI will'. That sounds reassuring for anyone who has mastered AI and validates those who are experimenting. Unfortunately, like many things in the AI spin cycle, even this idea may be outdated. Sangeet Paul Choudary, a tech author and adviser, says this idea is 'true, but utterly useless'. In his Substack newsletter, he says the statement 'directs your attention to the individual task level – automation vs augmentation of the tasks you perform – when the real shift is happening at the level of the entire system of work'. That difference takes some processing but is a useful way to see the bigger picture. If you have yet to use generative AI, don't panic. Time is on your side. Consultancy McKinsey has found that, despite the hype, only 1 per cent of leaders say their companies are 'mature' on AI deployment. The other 99 per cent? That's where the rest of us work. – Copyright The Financial Times Limited 2025